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Vargas Family Case Study: Fifth Session

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Vargas Family Case Study: Fifth Session

Read “Topic 5: Vargas Family Case Study.” Write a 750-1,000-word paper in which you demonstrate how therapists apply Strategic Family Therapy theories to analyze the presenting problems and choose appropriate interventions.

Be sure to answer the following questions in your paper:

1. How would Jay Haley or Chloe Madanes approach the current presenting problem? Identify and describe two interventions that he/she may use and why.

2. How would an MRI-style therapist approach the current presenting problem? Identify and describe two interventions that would be used and why.

3. How would a Milan-style therapist approach the current presenting problem? Identify and describe two interventions that would be used and why.

Cite at least three academic sources (peer-reviewed journal articles, books, etc.).

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the directions in the Student Success Center

 

SAMPLE ANSWER

Vargas Family Case Study: Fifth Session

Introduction

Strategic family therapy has been significantly influenced by concepts found in the Bateson’s cybernetics model. Based on both family and brief psychotherapy, the model focuses on transforming behavior rather than changing insight as seen in other creative interventions (Tramonti, 2018). Under the Bateson’s cybernetics model are three models including; the mental research institute (MRI) model, Haley and Madanes strategic approach and the Milan model. According to Jay Haley, strategic therapy is a form of therapy where the therapist initiates the entire therapy session, designs approaches for every family member with a presenting problem, and takes responsibility about the care offered (Szapocznik et al. 2015). The MRI approach is based on the view that the client’s complaint is the main problem and it is not a symptom of other issues (Ray, 2018). The Milan Family System model views the family as a single functioning unit throughout the entire therapeutic process (Brown, 2015). By using the aforementioned strategic family therapy theories, appropriate interventions will be provided to facilitate a state of wellness for the Vargas family members.

Haley and Madanes Strategic Approach

The Haley and Madanes strategic approach is more concerned with symptoms and the function they serve in the therapy process. After analyzing triadic interactions over long periods of time, Haley was more concerned with power struggles and formulated rules following a hierarchical order (Szapocznik et al. 2015). Madanes on the other hand, was more concerned with incongruous hierarchies where children use symptoms to change the behaviors of their parents. Additionally, this strategic approach believes that families go through dysfunctional stages to be able to get to functional stages. The approach also posits four categories of problems arising from; a desire to dominate, control, be loved, love and to protect others and a desire to repent and forgive (Szapocznik et al. 2015). Therefore, the model focuses on both short and long-term sequences to reflect on chronic structural problems.

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The Haley and Madanes approach to family therapy focuses more on increasing the family members’ ability to love and soothe than to dominate or gain control over other family members. With this objective in mind, the love-first approach to intervention is the most effective strategy to use when addressing the Vargas Family. This approach encourages the family to provide love to each other throughout the treatment process (“Types of Intervention Methods”, 2019). The Haley and Madanes model also recognizes the role that children play in affecting their parent’s behavior. As such, the systematic family model of intervention which highlights the influence that one family member has on other members of the family is an effective intervention. By doing this, the highlighted family member responds better to treatment.

MRI Style Therapist Approach

This approach is based on the view that problems arise from the way difficulties in life are handled by an individual or by other members of the family (Rohrbaugh & Shoham, 2013). The therapist’s main aim is to gather adequate information about the presented problems and establish minimal goals towards change. The focus of all interventions is on solving the presenting problem rather than seeking changes in the entire family system. With this in mind, the most effective intervention for Frank Vargas will require the interruption of ionic processes that take place during repeated attempts to address his behavior. Ionic problem solution loops should be used to assess the intervention (Rohrbaugh & Shoham, 2013). In addition to interrupting ionic processes, the therapist can carry out activities that encourage family members to ritualize specific scenarios that result in conflict using objects like hats. The therapist then uses the information to interrupt the problem sequence and allow the family members to reconfigure themselves (Mloispro, 2017).

Milan-Style Therapist Approach

The Milan-style therapist approach shifts the focus away from interactive sequences in the family and directs it towards questioning the family’s belief systems. Therefore, the model strives to help families examine their thoughts and belief systems instead of helping the family transform their behavior (Loras, Bertrando & Ness, 2017). In line with this, two key interventions are identified that could benefit the Vargas family. They include; positive connotations and family rituals. Positive connotation involves reframing the problematic behavior in the family where the symptoms are viewed as positive since they help facilitate the family’s well-being. Family rituals like weddings and funerals play a central role in the family’s life. Therapeutically, these rituals may be used to establish family patterns and alter beliefs (Loras, Bertrando & Ness, 2017).

Conclusion

The Haley and Madanes strategic model, the MRI style approach and the Milan-style therapist approach all draw fundamental concepts from the Bateson’s Cybernetics model. By focusing on the effects that children have on their parent’s behavior, Haley and Madanes model provides interventions that focus on the effect that one family member has on other members. The MRI interventions on the other hand interrupt ionic processes to control behaviors. Lastly, the Milan intervention concentrates on family rituals and uses them to transform behavior.

 

References

Brown, J. M. (2015). The Milan Principles of Hypothesizing, Circularity and Neutrality in Dialogical Family Therapy. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy, 31(3). https://doi.org/10.1375/anft.31.3.248

Loras, L., Bertrando, P. & Ness, O. (2017). Researching Systematic Therapy History: In Search of a Definition. Journal of Family Psychotherapy, 28(2), 134-149. Doi: 10.1080/08975353.2017.1285656

Mloispro. (2017). Mental Research Institute (MRI) Systemic Therapy. Mindfully, Retrieved from https://mindfullyhealing.com/mental-research-institute-mri-systemic-therapy/

Ray, W.A. (2018). Bateson’s Cybernetics: The Basis of MRI Brief Therapy: Prologue. Researchgate, 36(8), 859-870. Doi: 10.1108/03684920710777388

Rohrbaugh, M.J. & Shoham, V. (2013). Brief Therapy Based on Interrupting Ironic Processes: The Palo Alto Model. Clinical Psychology (New York), 8(1), 66-81.

Szapocznik, J., Muir, J.A., Duff, J.H., Schwartz, S.J. & Brown, H. (2015). Brief Strategic Family Therapy: Implementing Evidence-based Models in Community Settings. Psychotherapy Research: Journal of the Society for Psychotherapy Research, 25(1), 121-133. Doi: 10.1080/10503307.2013.856044

Tramonti, F. (2018). Steps to an Ecology of Psychotherapy: The Legacy of Gregory Bateson. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 36(1). Doi: 10.1002/sres.2549

“Types of Intervention Methods”. (2019). Ridgefieldrecovery. Retrieved from www.ridgefieldrecovery.com/intervention-guide/intervention-methods/

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Crisis Counseling

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Crisis Counseling

Sometimes clients come into the counseling session with an immediate crisis. They need an immediate solution to a problem. Counseling in these situations needs to be focused and goal oriented.

Jamila has been working with her counselor on learning to better manage her 9-year-old son. Last night, her son was hit by a car and is in the hospital. This has created a number of problems:

1. She has to arrange childcare for her daughter so she can stay with her son in the hospital.

2. He will need some special care when he gets home because he will be in a wheelchair.

3. She is fearful that she will lose her job as a teacher’s aide in the local public school.

Write a 500-750-word paper addressing the following:

1. How would you prioritize Jamila’s concerns in the counseling session? What would you address first?

2. What steps would you take in this session to make sure that Jamila has the resources she needs right now?

3. How would you help Jamila develop a plan to manage the current crisis?

Include at least three scholarly references in your paper.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

 

SAMPLE ANSWER

Crisis Counseling

Introduction

A person is viewed to be in a crisis when they experience a situation which is considered too difficult for them to handle. This issue occurs due to personal inadequacies or insufficient resources. The above factors may make the situation to exceed the individual’s tolerance capabilities. Crisis counseling is therefore a technique that may offer immediate help to an individual in a crisis. To achieve this goal, there are various priorities and models that counselors may use during the intervention (Taylor, & Gibson, 2016).  The essay intends to develop suitable priorities, design ways of creating efficient resources, and develop a suitable management plan for a presented case.

Case Overview

The crisis counseling session focus on a client whose name is Jamila. The client is a teacher’s aide and has two children; a boy and a girl. The son is involved in an accident and needs special care from the mother. In addition, the daughter needs to be placed in a childcare facility to provide time for her son’s care. By caring for her son, Jamila risks her losing her job.

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Prioritizing Client’s Concerns

In the scenario, every element is crucial to the client, thereby creating a dilemma to her. From the client’s time and finances are essential concerns for her. Therefore, it would be important to prioritize Jamila’s concerns basing on time and finances. Moreover, it would also focus on the impact of the issue to other issues. The counselor may need to address her job concern first. This is because it would affect her ability to pay for her son’s hospital bill and her daughter’s daycare fees. In addition development of a suitable job schedule may help the client to care for her son without problems. The second issue to be addressed will be son’s care. This concern has been ongoing for the client; hence it is more urgent than her daughter’s daycare concern (Taylor, & Gibson, 2016).

Steps for Attainment of Resources

A systematic approach is suitable in enabling the client to attain resources for controlling the problem. The six-step crisis intervention model will be useful in helping Jamila. In the model, the first step involves defining the problem and understanding it from the client’s perspective. The second step is focused at ensuring the client’s safety. In the scenario, this step focuses on the psychological danger that Jamila may face. Thirdly, the counselor will provide support to the client through suitable communication skills (Silva, Siegmund, & Bredemeier, 2015).

The fourth phase involves examination of different resource alternatives. It may involve assessment of the client’s situational support or involving people close to her. Fifthly, the counselor will engage in making detailed plans and outline the persons and other referral resources that can enhance support to the client. Lastly, the counselor needs to obtain commitment from the client to ensure that the crisis counseling session is effective (Silva, Siegmund, & Bredemeier, 2015).

Developing a Management Plan

Developing a management plan needs suitable strategies. However, there are two broad frameworks that the assistance will follow; nondirective and collaborative counseling. If the client is able to initiate and develop their own management plans, nondirective counseling will be used. Contrarily, collaborative counseling will be suitable if the counselor has established a reliable partnership with the client. A suitable strategy for enhancing proper management planning is creation of awareness. This strategy attempts to bring to the clients thoughts and behaviors that may solve her crisis. In addition, provision of support is essential throughout the six-step process as it validates and expands on suggestions for controlling the situation. Lastly, the practitioner may provide guidance and direction on how to use the resources to manage the crisis (Crosby, Cwik, & Riddle, 2015).

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Conclusion

Crises are a common occurrence in people’s lives. However, it is often difficult to manage these challenges without the help of other people. The paper tries to show the role of counselors in helping clients solve their crisis issues. From the paper, it can be shown that using a systematic approach is suitable in helping clients manage their crises. In addition, one can depict that the counseling strategies such as support of clients and offering clients are beneficial tin crisis counseling management.

 

References

Crosby B. M., Cwik, M. F., & Riddle, M. A. (2015). Awareness, attitudes, and use of

crisis hotlines among youth at‐risk for suicide. Suicide and Life‐Threatening Behavior, 45(2), 192-198.

Silva, J. A. M. D., Siegmund, G., & Bredemeier, J. (2015). Crisis interventions in online

psychological counseling. Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 37(4), 171-182.

Taylor, J. V., & Gibson, D. M. (2016). Crisis on campus: eating disorder intervention from a

developmental-ecological perspective. Journal of American College Health, 64(3), 251-255.

 

 

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Final Project Outline

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Final Project Outline

Given the case study provided in Week 1, provide a 2-page draft high level outline of your strategic plan. Your outline should include the following:

  1. Strategic Management Plan
    1. Mission statement (provided in the case study)
    2. Vision statement
    3. Core values
      1. Value #1
      2. Value #2
      3. Value #3
      4. Value #4
      5. Value #5
    4. SWOT analysis
      1. Strengths
        1. #1
        2. #2
        3. #3
      2. Weaknesses
        1. #1
        2. #2
        3. #3
      3. Opportunities
        1. #1
        2. #2
        3. #3
      4. Threats
        1. #1
        2. #2
        3. #3
    5. Grand strategies or long-term strategic priorities (3–5)
      1. Strategic Priority #1
      2. Strategic Priority #2
      3. Strategic Priority #3
      4. Strategic Priority #4
      5. Strategic Priority #5
  2. Operational and Tactical Plan (for each Strategic Priority listed above)
    1. Strategic Priority #1 (2–4)
      1. Operational/Tactical Objective #1
      2. Operational/Tactical Objective #2
      3. Operational/Tactical Objective #3
      4. Operational/Tactical Objective #4
    2. Strategic Priority #2 (2–4)
      1. Operational/Tactical Objective #1
      2. Operational/Tactical Objective #2
      3. Operational/Tactical Objective #3
      4. Operational/Tactical Objective #4
    3. Strategic Priority #3 (2–4)
      1. Operational/Tactical Objective #1
      2. Operational/Tactical Objective #2
      3. Operational/Tactical Objective #3
      4. Operational/Tactical Objective #4
    4. Strategic Priority #4 (2–4)
      1. Operational/Tactical Objective #1
      2. Operational/Tactical Objective #2
      3. Operational/Tactical Objective #3
      4. Operational/Tactical Objective #4
    5. Strategic Priority #5
      1. Operational/Tactical Objective #1
      2. Operational/Tactical Objective #2
      3. Operational/Tactical Objective #3
      4. Operational/Tactical Objective #4
  3. Evaluation Plan
  4. Change management plan, including the following:
    1. The size of the change and its impact on the community and the organization
    2. The organization’s readiness for change
    3. Change management strategy
    4. Team structure and responsibilities
    5. Champion roles and responsibilities
    6. Planning and implementation
    7. Communications plan
    8. Resistance management plan
    9. Training plan
    10. Incentives and celebration of key milestones and successes
    11. Timeline/schedule of activities
    12. Budget for change management

 

SAMPLE ANSWER

Final Project Outline

  1. Strategic Management Plan
  • Mission Statement- Empowering residents and creating a homelike atmosphere are of the utmost importance to Jasper Gardens Nursing Home. We promise to listen and strive to accommodate resident choices so that we can fulfill their wishes for daily living.
  • Vision Statement- We have been challenged to get our personnel system in better shape and have been responsive to the needs of our workers. Our strategy is to build an interstate road that will reduce the travel time between Jasper and Capital city. There is also potential for the construction of open senior living apartments and an assisted living facility.
  • Core Values
  1. Value 1- a commitment to helping those less fortunate
  2. Value 2- a commitment to innovation and excellence
  • Value 3- a commitment to offering quality care to patients
  1. Value 4- a dedication to staff
  2. Value 5- a Commitment to the community

Final Project Outline

  • SWOT Analysis
  1. Strengths

–Intermediate care and skilled care classification system

–The fine dining programs

–Resident community council

–Good performance in the statewide competition for Quality-of-Life Award

–100 percent Medicare and Medicaid certified

–Qualified personnel

-Deficiency–free survey from the State Department of Health-Level B

  1. Weaknesses

-Unfair interpretation of employee policies

-Increased employee-compensation rates due to increased injuries

-Lack of union representation for hourly staffs

-Increased crashes due to the use of electric wheelchairs

  • Opportunities

-Construction of a new interstate road

-Recent Medicare admissions requiring more therapy and services

-Increased visits from resident’s family and friends

  1. Threats

-Medicaid pricing

-Laws that restrict movement of the elderly using carts

-Union policies governing part time employees

  • Grand Strategies or long-term strategic priorities
  1. Strategic priority 1

Stability strategy

  1. Strategic priority 2

Expansion strategy

  • Strategic priority 3

Retrenchment strategy

  1. Strategic priority 4

Combination strategy

  1. Strategic priority 5

Liquidation strategy

  1. Operational and Tactical Plan
  • Strategic priority 1 (2-4)
  1. Maintain relationship between Jasper and Capital Hill
  2. Maintain current performance indicators
  • Strategic priority 2
  1. Market development. Dedicate one wing to patients with Alzheimer’s disease and Dementia
  2. Market penetration. Hiring more certified therapeutic recreational therapists

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  • Strategic priority 3
  1. Turn around. Firing underperforming staff to maintain operating profits
  2. Divest businesses that are not part of core operations. For example, offering electric cart driving lessons
  • Strategic priority 4
  1. Use of a push/pull promotional strategy by developing new products and advertising
  2. Combination of organic and inorganic strategies
  • Strategic priority 5 (2-4)
  1. Selling off physical assets
  2. Selling off intellectual assets like patents and brands
  3. Evaluation plan
  4. Steps in evaluation

–Engage stakeholders

–Describe the problem

–Focus the evaluation design

-Gather credible evidence

-Justify conclusions

-Ensure use and share of lessons learned

  1. Standards for good evaluation

–Utility

–Feasibility

–Propriety

–Accuracy

  1. Change Management plan
  2. The size of the change and its impact on the community and the organization

-Personnel and union activity changes. Improves employee satisfaction levels

-Rehabilitation services utilization. A plan to offer ambulatory rehabilitation services to improve care

-Admission policies. Background checks will ensure the best staff is hired

  1. The organization’s readiness for change

–Development of a collaborative Medicare-certified inpatient hospice at the facility

–Development of an assisted living facility and retirement housing

–Development of an Alzheimer’s and Dementia wing

–Development of system developments

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  • Change management strategy

-Create incentives

-Redefine cultural values

-Exercise authority

-Shift the burden of change

-Recruit change champions

  1. Team structure and responsibilities

–A change sponsor at senior levels of management, key executives including Michele Regan and Jayne Winters

–Their responsibilities include; communicating with stakeholders, listening to their concerns and ensuring a smooth changing process

  1. Champion roles and responsibilities

–Understand key changes and their impacts

–Determine project milestones

–Attend project meetings

–Disseminating project communications

–Attending focus group sessions

  1. Planning and implementation

–Establishment of annual objectives

–Formulation of policies to execute the strategies

–Allocation of resources

–Performance of set activities and tasks

–Controlling activities in various levels

  • Communications plan

–Clarify change management plan for all stakeholders

-Select credible leaders to deliver the message

-Create feedback strategy

  • Resistance management plan

-Resistance assessment

-Engagement strategy

-Engagement programs

-Resistance tracking

  1. Training plan

-Consider organizational goals

-Identify benefits for trainees

-Identify desired outcomes

  1. Incentives and celebration of key milestones and successes

-Set expectations and get systematic

-Offer gratitude often

-Set milestone campaign and celebration goals

-Offer performance bonuses

-reward risk taking

  1. Timeline of Activities

– Pre-plan development stage

– Planning stage

– Post planning assessment

  • Budget for change management

-To be formulated by change management team

 

 

 

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The Case of Animal Sacrifices

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The Case of Animal Sacrifices 

Write a paper that summarizes (in your own words) the “You are the Judge” feature from chapter 4 titled “The Case of Animal Sacrifices” (pg. 96) and then give your opinion; what would you do if you were the judge? It must be a minimum of one page in length, typed and double-spaced.

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SAMPLE ANSWER

Summary

The article talks about the church of Lukumi Babalu Aye, a church in Florida whose religious practices differ from others such as the pure traditionalists and the Catholics. The church is devoted to spirits although the process involves iconography of the catholic saints because they also have catholic symbols and practices. This element makes it be categorized as having a religion that is a fuse of modern and traditional religious beliefs. One major characteristic of this religion is that they are devoted to Santeria, which involves the sacrifice of living animals to their Gods. They carry out these sacrifices at different parts of an individual’s life such as in rituals performed when an individual is born and when they marry as well as during death. Also, the sacrifice is made during other rituals such as cleansing ceremonies for curing the sick among others. The animals are sacrificed, cooked and eaten. However, their activities are not appreciated by the city of Hialeah, which sought to ban all forms of animal sacrifices under the argument that it was cruel. The santerians, however, feel discriminated because they are a religious minority. They argue that other forms of killing animals are legal and hence their actions should not be viewed as different.

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Judgment

The santerians have a right to sacrifice animals in their religious rituals if the rituals are carried out under the legal aspects of ritual slaughter as is seen with Muslims and Jews. Because other rituals are accepted and the city allows certain activities such as having some animals like lobsters boiled alive, it then becomes a double standard to infringe on the practices of others. Therefore, the church of Lukumi Babalu Aye should be allowed to carry out their religious rituals and have their festivities whenever they should and they should not be targeted or attacked simply because they are a religious minority.

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Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescriptions

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Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescriptions

You will also evaluate and analyze ethical and legal implications and practices related to prescribing drugs.  As advanced practice nurses, almost every clinical decision you make will have ethical or legal implications.  Your ethical and legal knowledge is fundamental to your ability to resolve the multitude of challenging issues encountered in practice.  For the Week 1 Assignment, you will explore the ethical and legal implications of the following scenario, and consider how to appropriately respond:

Scenario

A friend calls and asks you to prescribe a medication for her. You have this autonomy, but you don’t have your friend’s medical history. You write the prescription anyway.

 

Write a 2- to 3-page paper that addresses the following: all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references.

1.      Explain the ethical and legal implications of the scenario you selected on all stakeholders involved, such as the prescriber, pharmacist, patient, and patient’s family.

2.      Describe strategies to address disclosure and nondisclosure as identified in the scenario you selected. Be sure to reference laws specific to your state.

3.      Explain two strategies that you, as an advanced practice nurse, would use to guide your decision making in this scenario, including whether you would disclose your error. Be sure to justify your explanation.

4.      Explain the process of writing prescriptions, including strategies to minimize medication errors.

To Prepare

Review the Resources for this module and consider the legal and ethical implications of prescribing prescription drugs, disclosure, and nondisclosure.

Review the scenario assigned by your Instructor for this Assignment.

Search specific laws and standards for prescribing prescription drugs and for addressing medication errors for your state or region and reflect on these as you review the scenario assigned by your Instructor.

Consider the ethical and legal implications of the scenario for all stakeholders involved, such as the prescriber, pharmacist, patient, and patient’s family.

Think about two strategies that you, as an advanced practice nurse, would use to guide your ethically and legally responsible decision-making in this scenario, including whether you would disclose any medication errors.

 

SAMPLE ANSWER

Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescriptions

Introduction

In healthcare, practitioners often find out that their friends, co-workers, or relatives may request informal medical advice. In addition, people close to the practitioners may ask for medical prescriptions without following medical procedures.  Practitioners realize that engagement in informal prescriptions increase their chances of having malpractice liability. In serious cases, they face legal investigations and risk going to jail or losing their job (Arcangelo et al., 2017). This paper tries to determine the ethical and legal implications that are associated with casual prescriptions. It involves a scenario where a female friend calls for medical prescription while the practitioner does not have her medical history. With that autonomy, the prescription is still written.

Ethical and Legal Implications

The scenario creates an ethical challenge to the practitioner. Due to their close association, the practitioner’s professional objectivity may be affected. The fact that the practitioner prescribes medicine for the client without her medical history shows that the doctor’s judgment is based on their relationship. Legally, if the state law requires the patient to be present during prescription, the process would be against the authority. In addition, the process would be inefficient due to lack of physical examinations (Kling, 2015).

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From another perspective, if the state requires an association between the physician and nurse, an investigation may be enforced on the practitioner for engaging in the process alone. Moreover, if the prescription is done away from the facility setting, it will be illegal. It can also be viewed that if the patient’s condition deteriorates after prescription, there will be no documentation to reveal the drugs she had taken. This act would jeopardize further assistance. Also, there will be no evidence of the patient’s informed consent (Arcangelo et al., 2017).

Strategies for Disclosure and Nondisclosure

Disclosure of patient safety is an important aspect in any healthcare situation. From the scenario, the practitioner may choose to orally disclose the error to a colleague and the patient. This act would increase trust between the practitioner and co-workers. In addition, it would create a suitable patient-nurse relationship. Also, the practitioner may create a formal report to the facility, revealing the details of the error in a way to reduce such errors in future (Kling, 2015).

Strategies for Decision Making

When it comes to decision making, the practitioner may choose to reject the patient’s request. This act would be done in a polite way, with the practitioner giving an explanation of associated ethical concerns. This may be followed by the practitioner assigning the patient to a different qualified nurse to engage in the prescription. Contrarily, the practitioner may choose to engage in the prescription process. However, the process needs the nurse to have a professional relationship with the patient. The procedure should be done in a facility setting, with the practitioner making suitable medical assessments of the patient. It would need official documentation which would enhance a suitable follow-up (Bao et al., 2016).

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Prescription Writing Process

Having a systematic approach in prescribing drugs is required to enhance prescription quality. The process should start with proper evaluation and definition of the patient’s problem. This step is followed by development of a therapeutic objective. A proper drug therapy is initiated. Thereafter, details, warnings, and instructions should be provided. To avoid errors, the practitioner may apply the five rights of drug prescription. They involve the needs for the right drug, right patient, right dosage, right process, and right time. Another strategy is to employ computer technology in designing the prescription (Ladd & Hoyt, 2016).

Conclusion

The paper shows that prescription of drugs to people close to a practitioner is associated with ethical and legal implications. These issues may make a nurse lose his or her job, especially if it is associated with errors. Nurses need to be careful when administering drugs to patients who are associated with them. The paper tries to reveal that with proper strategies, the process can be done properly, thereby limiting ethical and legal consequences. In addition, it is observed that drug prescription needs to follow a systematic approach to avoid errors.

 

References

Arcangelo, V. P., Peterson, A. M., Wilbur, V., & Reinhold, J. A. (Eds.). (2017).

Pharmacotheraeutics for advanced practice: A practical approach (4thed.). Ambler, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Bao, Y., Pan, Y., Taylor,A., Radakrishnan, S., Luo, F., Pincus, H. A., &Schackman, B. (2016).

Prescription drug monitoring programs are associated with sustained reductions in opioid prescribing by physicians. Health Affairs, 35(6), 1045 -1051.

Kling, S. (2015). Is it ethical to treat one’s family and friends?: ethics article. Current Allergy &

            Clinical Immunology, 28(2), 118-120.

Ladd, E., & Hoyt, A. (2016). Shedding light on nurse practitioner prescribing. The Journal for

            Nurse Practitioners, 12(3), 166-173.

 

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Descriptive Statistics

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Descriptive Statistics

There is often the requirement to evaluate descriptive statistics for data within the organization or for health care information. Every year the National Cancer Institute collects and publishes data based on patient demographics. Understanding differences between the groups based upon the collected data often informs health care professionals towards research, treatment options, or patient education.

Using the data on the “National Cancer Institute Data” Excel spreadsheet, calculate the descriptive statistics indicated below for each of the Race/Ethnicity groups. Refer to your textbook and the Topic Materials, as needed, for assistance in with creating Excel formulas.

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Provide the following descriptive statistics:

  1. Measures of Central Tendency: Mean, Median, and Mode
  2. Measures of Variation: Variance, Standard Deviation, and Range (a formula is not needed for Range).
  3. Once the data is calculated, provide a 150-250 word analysis of the descriptive statistics on the spreadsheet. This should include differences and health outcomes between groups.

 

SAMPLE ANSWER

Descriptive Statistics

            Mean shows that the diagnosis among the blacks, including the Hispanics with a value of 70.07 per 100,000 people, is the highest, while lowest among the Hispanic with a value of 31.50. The mean presents the average of the diagnosis starting from 2000 up to 2015. Additionally, one can also see that the median value is highest for the blacks, with a value of 71.4. However, it is lowest is among Hispanics since it is 32.1. On the other hand, mode is not derived in all of the groups. However, for the Asians and Pacific Islanders, Hispanic, and whites, the modes are 36.6, 34.1, and 65.8 respectively. The other groups does not have a value that appears repeatedly.

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The variance is another element that reveals some details regarding the figures. The variance is highest among the blacks, which tends to indicate that the data points are intensely spread out from one another and from the mean. On the other hand, it is lowest among the Asians and Pacific Islanders, which indicates that data points are relatively close to each other and to the mean.  Similarly, the standard deviation is lowest among Asians/Pacific Islanders, which implies that data points are close to the mean. On the other hand, it is highest among blacks, which indicates that data points are largely spread out.

 

 

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Management Information Systems – Assignment 04

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Management Information Systems – Assignment 04

Be sure to save an electronic copy of your answer before submitting it to Ashworth College for grading. Unless otherwise stated, answer in complete sentences, and be sure to use correct English, spelling, and grammar. Sources must be cited in APA format. Your response should be four (4) double‐spaced pages; refer to the “Format Requirementsʺ page for specific format requirements.

Management Information Systems – Assignment 04

 

  1. Describe three (3) ways in which information systems are transforming business.

 

  1. Discuss telecommunication operations and three (3) security measures to ensure protection of information.

 

  1. List and describe the organizational, management, and technology dimensions of information systems.

 

SAMPLE ANSWER

Management Information Systems

  1. Describe three (3) ways in which information systems are transforming business.

Business information systems are the amalgamation of various resources such as hardware, software, computers and system connection, which assist in enhancing the business process in a company. Additionally, it also enables the business operations to upgrade the value chain systems of the organizations within the global market. There are multiple ways in which information systems have transformed a business that needs to be put into considerations. Among them are the changes in technology as well as the development of new innovative business models for business operations (Evans, Vladimirova, Holgado, Van Fossen, Yang, Silva, & Barlow, 2017). Substantially, this aspect has transformed the social life and the practices in the business field through the use of smartphones, social networking, emailing, and webinars tools.

Management Information Systems – Assignment 04

Moreover, all of these tools have become essential to improve services to the customers and suppliers. The information system has also transformed business through sensing and responding to changing business operations by managing changing customer demand, reduction of inventories to the lowest possible level as well as achieving higher operational efficiency. This transformation aims to focus on the establishment of better decision-making practices for organizations (Hull & Nezhad, 2016). The informed decision, on the other hand, assists in making improved choices in supply chain management. This is achieved through the establishment of a more fast-pace since companies of all sizes depend on the provision of just in time inventory practices. Lastly, information system has also transformed the global market operations for the customers. The development of e-commerce and internet marketing have continued to expand in different regions (Hull & Nezhad, 2016). As a result, there is an increase in the targeted customers to acquire their goods and services conveniently.

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  1. Discuss telecommunication operations and three (3) security measures to ensure the protection of information.

Telecommunication operations are the process of managing the services of telecom systems to ensure maximum availability as well as minimal disruption of these services to organizations. The telecom operations process also involves the management of functions such as network inventory systems, management of provision issues, network availability and any cases of fault management (Peltier, 2016). Besides the management of telecom operations, there are various vital processes which should also be put into consideration by organizations. These entail request fulfilment, incident management, access and event management and can be useful in establishing a standard telecom process framework. Most of the telecom companies often provide different unique expert services and diagnostics in the network to help their customers improve value proposition in their activities (Peltier, 2016). Notably, the business organization also uses these services to rationalize their operational investments to improve margins as well as operational efficiency.

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The security measures to ensure the protection of information is essential for most of the companies in the business world. Data security provides safety of data from the company to reach in the hands of cyber attackers. Therefore, it is essential to understand various measures which can be put in place to minimize attacks. Protecting the wireless networks which a company is using is one of the ways to safeguard information. These wirelesses are at a higher risk of cyber-attacks compared to the wired networks since it is an open nature and comparatively weaker control (Rittinghouse & Ransome, 2017). As a result, pay more attention to secure these wireless networks by switching to the latest wireless security technologies is necessary. Taking regular backups on the data is also another way to secure information by an organization. Substantially, this will protect against the frequent cyber attacks that target the system. The importance of taking the backup of the data is to enable the organizations to reclaim the information which has already backup. Additionally, it is also vital to make regularly scheduled backup to keep the data safe from attackers. Installing a firewall and using complex passwords is also another to protect the information (Rittinghouse & Ransome, 2017). The use of passwords is hard to guess if they contain a combination of numbers, upper- and lower-case letters and symbols.

  1. List and describe the organizational, management, and technology dimensions of information systems. 

The organizational dimension of the information system describes the characteristics of significant practices and leadership orientation in the organization. These dimensions entail the hierarchy of the organization, and business processes practised, the existing culture and political interest of the groups involved in the organization. The management dimension of the information system, on the other hand, illustrates the distinct function priorities and their effort to a joint mission (Evans et al., 2017). They consist of setting organizational strategies, creating new products and services in the market, allocating resources in the company as well as re-organizing the practices of the organization.

The technology dimensions of information system describe the cultures of the tools and skills that are put in place to address the technological changes in the market. The concern of this aspect establishes the level of interaction as well as communication in diverse systems. Similarly, it also addresses the issues on the management of functions such as network inventory systems, management of provision issues, network availability and any cases of fault management (Peltier, 2016). The technology dimension information system consists of computer software, hardware, management of data technology and also networking services in an organization.

 

References

Evans, S., Vladimirova, D., Holgado, M., Van Fossen, K., Yang, M., Silva, E. A., & Barlow, C. Y. (2017). Business model innovation for sustainability: Towards a unified perspective for creation of sustainable business models. Business Strategy and the Environment, 26(5), 597-608.

Hull, R., & Nezhad, H. R. M. (2016, September). Rethinking BPM in a cognitive world: Transforming how we learn and perform business processes. In International Conference on Business Process Management (pp. 3-19). Springer, Cham.

Peltier, T. R. (2016). Information Security Policies, Procedures, and Standards: guidelines for effective information security management. Auerbach Publications.

Rittinghouse, J. W., & Ransome, J. F. (2017). Cloud computing: implementation, management, and security. CRC press.

 

 

 

 

 

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Telling the Story

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Telling the Story

Hector is a 35-year-old Hispanic male. Hector was seriously injured in an auto accident 5 months ago. He spent 4 months in the hospital. One leg and hip suffered permanent damage. He will probably always need a cane and walk with a limp. He also has limited mobility in his right arm and shoulder and cannot lift anything heavy.

Hector grew up in a family with a construction business. He has been working in construction since high school. Social work at the rehab hospital referred Hector to counseling because he is not adjusting well to his injuries. He is very depressed and angry because he cannot continue to work in his chosen occupation. Hector says, “What use am I now? I am the man in the family. I should be strong. I need to support the family. I don’t want my wife to work. I don’t know what I am going to do to make a living.”

Telling the Story

Hector still experiences severe pain in his shoulder and his leg. He spends a lot of time watching TV and drinking. At this point, he is not looking for work. His family has reached out to him but he avoids interaction with his siblings and his parents because they remind him of what he no longer can do. He feels shame when he is around family members because of his disability. His relationship with his wife is tense because he is often angry and withdrawn.

You are meeting with Hector for the first time and want to get the story.

As we meet with a new client we develop some hypotheses to explore, as well as listening to what the client says about himself.

Write a 750-1,000-word paper addressing the following:

1. What are some of primary issues that Hector is addressing?

2. What are some of Hector’s feelings?

3. What are Hector’s behaviors and how are these impacting his adjustment?

4. How might Hector’s cultural heritage be impacting his adjustment to his injury?

5. What are some beliefs that may be impacting Hector’s adjustment?

6. How might Hector’s family background be impacting his adjustment?

7. What might be some issues that will need to be addressed in counseling?

8. What are the stages of change the counselor will help Hector through? Provide a brief definition of each stage.

9. What steps can a counselor take to help Hector explore his problems?

10. Consider the following counselor skills: eye contact, closed and open-ended questions, paraphrasing and summarizing, reflection, body language, tone, listening, empathy, genuineness, unconditional positive regard, interpretation, tracking, reflecting emotion, active presence, structuring sessions, encouragement, questioning and clarifying, counselor self-awareness, tolerating intensity, validating, challenging, multicultural awareness/acceptance, probing and questioning, posture. Pick one skill and discuss how a counselor should use this in their sessions with Hector.

Include at three scholarly references in your paper. At least two resources should identify issues that need to be addressed when you are working with someone who is being rehabilitated from a serious injury.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

Telling the Story

 

SAMPLE ANSWER

  1. What are some of primary issues that Hector is addressing?

Hector is addressing various issues in his life as a result of the change that he has experienced as a result of the accident. The accident led to permanent damage as a result of the impact on the left and hip. Consequently, he is unable to walk properly unless he uses a cane. Also, his right arm’s motility was affected and this impairs his ability to lift heavy things. Furthermore, he still experiences pain on the shoulders as well as the leg. Therefore, the primary issues that he is experiencing are the body function impairment and this makes him angry and depressed. Depression, anxiety as well as other mental disorders are a common thing among people that have experienced any form of disability and therefore Hector is not an exception. (Noh et al, 2016).

  1. What are some of Hector’s feelings?

Hector also experiences feelings that are associated with the state of his life after the accident. He feels angry about life because he is unable to push through with what he would want to do as a career. Also, he feels helpless and consequently avoids interactions with family members as they make him realize that he can no longer do what he used to do. He also feels shame when he feels like he will be unable to cater for the needs of his family. He feels hopeless based on the fact that he asks “what use am I now?” which implies that he has lost hope and does not believe that something positive could be made out of the prevailing circumstances.

Telling the Story

  1. What are Hector’s behaviors and how are these impacting his adjustment?

Hector’s behaviors influence the adjustment that he has to make regarding his life. As a person with hips, legs, and arms that have been affected, he needs to do some exercises that may be helpful in one way or another. This will be useful alongside physiotherapy that will help Hector regain his mobility (Harvey, 2016). Also, interacting with people frequently will be an avenue to help him overcome the concerns and find new ways to cope with the challenges that life has presented to him. However, he does not want to interact with people and even his relatives and instead chooses to sit and watch TV all day and also indulge in drinking.

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  1. How might Hector’s cultural heritage be impacting his adjustment to his injury?

Adjustment to the new life is also greatly influenced by the culture of Hector. His belief that he needs to be strong and fend for his family seems to be something that is embedded in his culture. It comes out that he does not want his wife to work showing that it is a norm for the husband to work and fend for the family. This ideally should make him get the desire to work towards finding help and helping himself but is instead making him feel hopeless.

  1. What are some beliefs that may be impacting Hector’s adjustment?

The main belief that Hector has is that as the man of the family he needs to be strong and support his family. This makes him feel so hopeless because he is unable to do what he believes he should do.

Telling the Story

  1. How might Hector’s family background be impacting his adjustment?

Hector’s family background also has an impact on his adjustment. His family owns a construction family and he believe that it is what he should be doing but is unable to because of his predicament. Also, his family reminds him so much of the things that he is no longer able to do hence making his adjustment more difficult.

  1. What might be some issues that will need to be addressed in counseling?

During counseling, various issues will need to be addressed. The first issue is the acceptance of the disability and the need to have him understand that it is not an inability. Depression and anxiety will also be addressed as well as substance use since he spends time drinking.

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  1. What are the stages of change the counselor will help Hector through? Provide a brief definition of each stage.

Hector like other people will move through a series of stages namely pre-contemplation (PC), contemplation (C), preparation (PR), action (A), and maintenance (M). At the pre-contemplation stage, Hector will be unaware of the fact that his behavior has negative consequences. As he moves to contemplation, he will be gaining an understanding of what needs to be done and will show intentions to be done to improve the quality of life. The preparation stage is characterized by individuals being ready to take action and they make small steps towards behavior change. Action comes in when people start modifying their behaviors to adopt new and healthier ones and this is followed by maintenance.

Telling the Story

  1. What steps can a counselor take to help Hector explore his problems?

Hector will be helped through the pre-contemplation so that he can realize that not accepting the situation brings more harm to him. At contemplation, he will be helped to recognize that there are negative consequences that he needs to address. This will be achieved through various strategies such as motivational interviewing so that he can be helped to come up with solutions to his problem. He will also be helped through the preparation and action and he will ebb motivated to keep up with the strategies that are aimed at meeting the intended goals.

Telling the Story

  1. How a counselor should use empathy in their sessions with Hector.

Empathy is one of the skills that will be adopted in helping Hector find a solution to his problem. In order to help Hector through the process of recovery and acceptance as well as behavior change, the therapist will need to express empathy and be able to understand Hector’s issues, struggles as well as the barriers that he experiences in becoming better as this is a key element in helping him be freer (Dwyer et al, 2015). In conclusion, Hector is experiencing challenges coping with life after an accident that left him with a disability. Therapy will be beneficial in helping him make changes in his life and learn to cope with the challenges that the disabilities present.

 

References

Dwyer, L., Parkin-Smith, G. F., Brantingham, J. W., Korporaal, C., Cassa, T. K., Globe, G., … &

Tong, V. (2015). Manual and manipulative therapy in addition to rehabilitation for osteoarthritis of the knee: assessor-blind randomized pilot trial. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 38(1), 1-21. doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2014.10.002

Harvey, L. A. (2016). Physiotherapy rehabilitation for people with spinal cord injuries. Journal

of Physiotherapy, 62(1), 4-11. doi.org/10.1016/j.jphys.2015.11.004

Noh, J. W., Kwon, Y. D., Park, J., Oh, I. H., & Kim, J. (2016). Relationship between Physical

Disability and Depression by Gender: A Panel Regression Model. PloS one, 11(11), e0166238. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0166238

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