Posts

Strategic goal statements and outcomes

/in /by

Strategic goal statements and outcomes

Note: You will use your care setting environmental analysis as the basis for developing your strategic plan in this assessment.

Preparation

The feedback you received on your care setting environmental analysis has been positive. Consequently, you have been asked to select one of the potential improvement projects you noted in your analysis and create a full, 5–10-year strategic plan to achieve the desired quality and safety improvement outcomes. You will develop your strategic plan, using either an AI approach (addressing the design stage), or by building on your SWOT analysis and applying a strategic planning model of your choice.

How you structure your plan should be based on whether you are taking an appreciative inquiry approach or using a specific strategic planning model. Regardless of the approach you choose, the requester of the plan has asked that you address the key points outlined below in the strategic plan requirements. In addition, your plan should be 5–8 pages in length.

Note: Remember, you can submit all, or a portion, of your draft plan to Smarthinking for feedback before you submit the final version for this assessment. However, be mindful of the turnaround time for receiving feedback, if you plan on using this free service.

Strategic goal statements and outcomes

Requirements

Note: The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide, so at a minimum, be sure to address each point. In addition, you are encouraged to review the performance level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed.

Writing, Supporting Evidence, and APA Style
  • Write clearly, with professionalism and respect for stakeholders and colleagues.
  • Integrate relevant sources of evidence to support your assertions.
    • Cite at least 3–5 sources of scholarly or professional evidence.
  • Format your document using APA style. An APA Style Paper Template and associated tutorial, linked in the Resources, are provided for your use. Be sure to include:
    • A title page and reference page. An abstract is not required.
    • A running head on all pages.
    • Appropriate section headings.
    • Properly formatted citations and references.
  • Proofread your writing to minimize errors that could distract readers and make it more difficult to focus on the substance of your analysis.

Strategic Plan

  • Develop strategic goal statements and outcomes that reflect specific quality and safety improvements for your care setting. You should have at least one short-term goal (just-in-time to one year) and one long-term goal (five years or longer).
    • Determine realistic timelines for achieving your goals.
    • Explain how your short-term goals support your long-term goals.

Note: For plans based on an AI approach, the goal statements and outcomes are provocative propositions that may be refinements of the positive, yet attainable, goals that you proposed during the dream phase of your inquiry. For plans based on a SWOT analysis, the goal statements and outcomes are specific, measurable, and applicable to the area of concern in your analysis for which you proposed pursuing improvements.

Strategic goal statements and outcomes

  • Justify the relevance of your proposed strategic goals and outcomes in relation to the mission, vision, and values of your care setting.
  • Analyze the extent to which your strategic goals and outcomes, and your approach to achieving them, address:
    • The ethical environment.
    • The cultural environment.
    • The use of technology.
    • Applicable health care policies, laws, and regulations.
  • Explain, in general, how you will use relevant leadership and health care theories to help achieve your proposed strategic goals and outcomes.
    • Consider whether different theories are more applicable to the short-term or long-term goals of your strategic plan.
  • Evaluate the leadership qualities and skills that are most important to successfully implementing your proposed plan and sustaining strategic direction.
    • Identify those leadership qualities and skills that are essential to achieving your goals and outcomes and sustaining strategic direction.
    • Identify those leadership qualities and skills that will have the greatest effect on the success of your plan.

QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER:

As you prepare to complete this assessment, you may want to think about other related issues to deepen your understanding or broaden your viewpoint. You are encouraged to consider the questions below and discuss them with a fellow learner, a work associate, an interested friend, or a member of your professional community. Note that these questions are for your own development and exploration and do not need to be completed or submitted as part of your assessment.

Strategic planning models aid in setting goals, establishing time frames, and forging a path toward achieving those goals. Consider the strategic planning models you are familiar with:

  • Which model would you choose to create goals and outcomes that could address the area of concern you identified in your Assessment 1 SWOT analysis?
  • Why is this model the best choice among alternatives?
  • How does goal setting through appreciative inquiry provocative propositions differ from goal setting in the strategic planning model you selected?

 

SAMPLE ANSWER

Strategic Planning

Introduction

Selection of an ideal strategic plan involves establishing attributes that define its contribution to solving a target crisis. In this case, the objective of the strategic plan is to improve quality of healthcare and advance safety prospects in a healthcare institution. As a result, the input of the selected strategic plan comprises of the potential possibility of enhancing service delivery while ensuring the protection of interests shared by parties involved. According to Wolf and Floyd (2017), a strategic plan should focus on aspects such as operation depth, resource availability, and ease of policy implementation. Hence, deciding on an ideal strategic plan involves evaluating the demand for resources and the practicability of attached ambitions. Most healthcare organizations would further reflect on the nature of support associated with the model while aligning expectations on the performance perspectives and input of validated service models.

Developing Strategic Goal Statements and Outcomes

Deciding on a strategic plan involves appreciating depth of developed deliverables concerning the expectation and execution of the project. Perspectives such as identification of areas of need, formulation of implementation plan, and subsequent appraisal of enforcement mechanism would allow attainment of established execution period (Noble & Nwanekezie, 2017). However, impression of the strategic plan extends beyond expectations of performance to include further perspectives such as formulating anticipated outcomes through the input of appraisal mechanisms.

Strategic goal statements and outcomes

The main strategic goal of the strategic plan is to improve quality of healthcare and advance safety prospects in a healthcare institution. The plan would involve appreciating depth of concerns in regards to implementation of operational tactics and subsequent improvement of healthcare needs. Wolf and Floyd (2017) support those introducing requirements that assist in achieving to improve quality healthcare and increase patient safety in the healthcare institution. In the current case, since conditions associated with the plan include safety and quality, their attainment involves advancing skills of the staff through training as well as improving available resources (Newman, 2016). Thus, the strategic plan would ensure improved aspects in features such as healthcare delivery and provision of health care services. The organization would provide nurses and physicians with skills that match the expectations of required services (Wolf & Floyd, 2017).

There are weaknesses and gap that would affect setting the long-term and short-term goals. Some of the factors to consider include the level of technology, customer relations and quality of management in the organization. Besides, getting to know your competitors’ investment level is also critical when setting the future goals of a company. The level of investment in the goals should be higher than that of the competitors in order for the organization to have a competitive advantage. Thus, setting realistic and achievable goals based on the competition, current goals of the organization and the recent results and trends is important.  Involving the company’s lower level manager and employees into decision making may prove to be important in developing strategies that can ensure the company achieves the long term and short-term goals.

Long-Term and Short-Term Goals

The long-term goal is to improve the quality and safety of health care services. The main derivable is to improve safety levels and improve service quality based on the mission and vision of the company. The mission statement aims to provide quality patient care with implacable attention to an unparallel commitment and passion, patient safety, and clinical excellence in order to provide the best health care services. The vision statement is to provide supportive and excellent health care services, that enrich patient’s life in terms of safety, holistic care, and quality care and services.
It is important to consider a variety of factors that might affect the achievement of the set goals. Considering the information given by the senior management and employees during benchmarking may be critical in setting future goals that would guarantee organizational performance and success. The recent results and trends of the company should be used to develop future goals. For example, the statement of financial position of the organization can help in setting goals that are measurable, achievable and realistic by ensuring that they are not beyond the company’s capabilities to attain them. Therefore, if the organization is not updated on the trends, it may end up setting future goals that are difficult to achieve.

Strategic goal statements and outcomes

The short-term goal that would guide the strategic plan includes

  1. Study quality challenges in healthcare delivery
  2. Study safety challenges in healthcare delivery
  • Develop possible solutions
  1. Identify a team to implement developed solutions.
  2. Test efficiency of the team
  3. Test comprehension for the task
  • Improve productivity through training nurses
  • Promote access to quality services
  1. Involve stakeholders as part of the project

Timelinefor Achieving Goals

Efficiency of the developed strategic plan manifests the appraisal mechanism that allows possibility of making adjustments while ensuring set performance goals are attained. Ideally, implementation process would follow a cyclic model that spans across the ten years of execution. Each complete cycle will take 40 months to complete, with their distribution across the four phases of strategic plan taking a 1:1:2:2 ratio models. The short-term goals would help to integrate the expectations of practitioners and health care administration through a continuous exchange of feedback. Baumgartner and Rauter (2017) assert that feedback would allow realization of prospective attributes such as insight development and expectations of performance by respective practitioners. Adjustments in goals such as allow the participating teams stakeholders to focus on implementation criterion, would help to achieve the achieving the strategic results (Baumgartner & Rauter, 2017). Modeling such expectations on the demands of health care facility would allow the eventual attainment of routine long-term goals and objectives associated with the strategic plan.

Perspectives, which include the outcomes and their relation to established deliverables, tend to manifest through detailed evaluation of the plan. At the same time, an appraisal of the project through a SWOT analysis allows visualization of its potential additions towards realization of elemental objectives of quality and safety.

SWOT Analysis of the Strategic Plan

The strategic plan may need to reflect on expectations of the health care facility, along with features of quality and safety. As a result, SWOT analysis of the plan would reflect on expectations of each input along with the two models. According to McDonald (2016), proposing adjustments along such dynamics allow appreciation of the potential associated with the task and adopted strategic plan. A further reflection on interlocking dynamics of quality and safety enables visualization of the ideal input of the project from an operational perspective. Concepts geared towards attainment of the program need to manifest their interchange potential when reflected against aspects such as quality and safety.

Strength

The strengths of the identified strategic plan manifest through the input of advanced study on the challenges and the availability of adequate resources to address their management. In essence, the strategic plan comprises a testing phase that assists in identification of shortcomings of the effective solution, along with dynamics of quality and safety. Also, the ratio adopted in guiding implementation model allows allocation of adequate time to involve phases such as execution and testing.

Weakness

The plan comprises of time-consuming phases that challenge the effectiveness of the implemented measures. Additionally, the input of ideal strategic data, such as the need to identify a reliable team may face challenges of obsoleteness during execution due to changes in the expected outcomes. Ideally, such changes may manifest from the advances in the industry. Similarly, the plan does not focus on redefining the execution process about changes associated with the external environment.

Opportunity

The concern of adjustment rigidity stands to benefit from the autonomous prospects associated with each phase. Primarily, the operations within a period involve inputs that distinguish the implementation course along a zoned process. Thus, the operations of each stage only fetch guidance from the previous phase. As a result, there exist viable possibilities of making adjustments through invoking fast-tracked modifications through the earlier steps. The engaged changes would then initiate the execution phase as structural or operational adjustments.

Threat

The implementation of the suggested strategic plan faces the threat of inadequate resources, which may lead to the potential inclusion of incompetency elements during execution. Arguably, the concern of resources manifests during the commissioning of the plan’s actualization phase. However, the issue remains relevant after the development phase since the strategic plan suggests different inputs to redefine the solution development and established deliverables.

Strategic goal statements and outcomes

The Relevance of the Proposed Strategic Goals and Outcomes

The main goal in a healthcare setting is to provide the best treatment interventions and promote meaningful outcomes thus improving the quality of life. To improve the safety and quality of goals in a healthcare setting, essential components for quality improvement programs must be considered. For the goals to be attainable they have to be safe, equitable, efficient, and be centered on patient needs. The goals will ensure high-quality medical services. This is another positive aspect of the healthcare clinic. Therefore, the need for the plan is to ensure that the main aspects and dimensions get achieved. It, therefore, increases the need to improve the quality of healthcare and reduce the readmission of patients, improve patient satisfaction, ensure patients are not left without being seen, ensure cleanliness and quietness of hospital, reduce outpatient wait time, reduce clinical error ratios, and reduce occurrence of hospital-acquired infections, within different departments within the organization.

The Ethical, Cultural, Technological Environment and Applicable Health Care Policies, Laws, and Regulations

Cultural diversity is a critical factor that must be considered when caring for patients. The health care facility would consider the concept of cultural competence to guarantee patient collaboration with the nurses during treatment to improve the company’s rate of underperformance (Dreachslin et al., 2017). The strategic goals would improve cultural competency since diversity of the patients within the organizations would be critical in providing quality and safety care. However, a lack of a sustainable culture that guarantees cultural competence and lack of cultural beliefs and values of patients would influence effective delivery of care and achievement of the strategic goals.

Strategic goals and outcomes will also ensure the confidentiality, ethics, and feasibility of the treatment process (Dreachslin et al., 2017). The health care institution must figure out how issues around care of patients and their privacy, consent, and the operability of the intervention to reduce the readmission rate in the organization. However, lack of informed consent and autonomy of patients may influence the strategic goals since nurses are required to ensure ethical practices during healthcare delivery.

The strategic goals and outcomes will be ensured through implementing EMR system as a Health Information Technology in the health care institution. EMR helps to manage patient’s information, including medical history and treatment, which will meet the objectives of quality and safety.  However, lack of cooperation and technical training of nurses and physicians on how to use the EMR system to improve healthcare delivery may influence the achievement of strategic goals.

The Public Health Act advocates for quality and holistic care from both the local and state government in order to improve quality of life (Health, 2018).  Besides both the local and state government are tasked with funding healthcare institutions, and developing policies that assesses and evaluates patients’ outcomes, which are based on federal and local government goals (Health, 2018).  Therefore, healthcare delivery must be aligned to legal and ethical standards based on the federal, state, and local legislations to act as an oversight to ensure all the strategic goals and outcomes are achieved.

Relevant Leadership and Health Care Theories to Help Achieve Proposed Strategic Goals and Outcomes

Relevant leadership and health care theories can help achieve proposed strategic goals and outcomes in the organization. Theories ought to be related to explicit petitions as well as mediation segments to be actualized in the plan. The tools selected also need to coordinate negotiations and link back to the theory.

Transformational leadership is the leading theory that will help achieve proposed strategic goals and outcomes in the organization. The theory was developed by James MacGregor Burns (Wolf& Floyd,2017). The theory states that transformational leadership links the leaders and their supporters to ensure they cooperate and support each other to bring about respectful relation between the leader and the follower.  MacGregor Burns also provides critical issues that were provided by Bernard M. Bass, who consider that transformational leaders should be visionary. Leaders must urge their followers to change their motivations, suppositions, and desires to ensure they share similar goals and objectives to improve health care delivery (Wolf & Floyd, 2017).  MacGregor mentioned that original thought, scholarly incitement, solid inspiration, and perfect effect are the main parts of transformational leadership that can help improve the quality and safety of care (Wolf& Floyd, 2017).

ORDER A PLAGIARISM FREE PAPER HERE

Participative leadership or vote based leadership is another leadership theory that can help achieve proposed strategic goals and outcomes in the organization. The theory requires followers to take interest in leadership positions and ensure everything goes as planned (Wolf& Floyd, 2017). The style of leadership is primarily used in organizations such as educational institutions, health care institutions, pharmaceutical firms, and data innovation organizations. Therefore, the theory encourages the nurses and physicians to share their thoughts and objectives on the path the leadership should follow. Researchers have shown that nurses and physicians who are part of participative leadership style are capable of performing their roles and responsibilities efficiently.

Transactional leadership is based on developing specific objectives and goals to spur supporters and empower them towards a course (Xu, 2017). The theory considers that leaders and their teams of employees or followers enter an agreement by giving rewards to the most performing team members by offering virtually a check in return, time off, compensation, and benefits.  In cases where the goals are not met, the leadership uses negative rewards such as providing severe punishment for team members who do not complete their duties. Thus, transformational leadership considers that leadership desires should be achieved by their devotees to keep up their vision and social standard being pursued (Wolf & Floyd, 2017). Transactional leadership also portrays duties and desires of the leaders and devotees. Likewise, the style guarantees that the way of life inside a unit is kept up, with the guidelines and social standards carefully pursued to help achieve proposed strategic goals and outcomes in the organization.

Strategic goal statements and outcomes

The major gap of transformational leadership and transactional leadership theory are that the relationship between the leader and the follower may lead to power struggles and oppositions, which reduce the value system congruence between the leader and the follower. Evidence has shown that transformational leadership requires agents to convince people about a shared vision, without which followers may lack motivation to achieve their goals. Building a connection of trust with their followers may not be established if the leadership is not open, fair, and honest, and does not involve them in decision-making processes.

When comparing the two theories, it is important to note that participative leadership has low motivation, and it takes a long time for decision-making (Xu,2017). On the other hand, transactional leadership theory cannot be successful without providing positive rewards such as a bonus, time off, health benefits, or simply a paycheck in exchange for the completion of a task.

Leadership Qualities and Skills Important for the Proposed Plan

Assessing the leadership characteristics and abilities that will be most critical to executing a strategic plan effectively is essential to guarantee that strategic plans are effectively actualized. There are necessary abilities and characteristics that leaders must have to set up a reasonable and crucial strategic planning process (Wolf & Floyd, 2017). McDonald (2016) considers that leaders should have a strong vision and personality to motivate their followers to adjust expectations, opinions, and inspirations to work toward common goals.  Leaders should act as facilitators rather than dictators to facilitate idea generation and sharing of information with the end goal of arriving at a decision. Besides, leaders should involve followers in the decision-making process, while still maintaining control. Leaders need to be open, fair, and honest with the staff and by motivating them to be independent in their decision-making (Wolf & Floyd, 2017). This impacts follower satisfaction and commitment to the organization. Leaders must also use effective communication to lead the staff to achieve ultimate goals. Lastly, leaders should possess great self-confidence to firmly believe in their vision (Wolf & Floyd, 2017). Thus, the leadership qualities and knowledge will help improve patient outcome through the provision of quality care and ensure patient safety.

Strategic goal statements and outcomes

Conclusion

Building up a dependable strategic plan includes recognizing the directing target to aid the assurance of the long-haul expectations. Deciding on an ideal strategic plan also involves evaluating the demand for resources and the practicability of the attached ambitions. Projections concentrating on the desires for security and nature of the offered administrations permit the enrolling of a practical procedure towards execution dependability. Viewpoints, for example, time and other substantial assets, would help with deciding the destinations to list under each period of the strategic plan. In any case, accomplishing the whole procedure would include valuing the elements of the administration conveyance strategy while analyzing the potential zones requiring conceivable modifications. Without a doubt, an effective strategic plan contains routine testing of the result as well as making adjustment through a full usage cycle.

 

 

References

Baumgartner, R. J., &Rauter, R. (2017). Strategic perspectives of corporate sustainability management to develop a sustainable organization. Journal of Cleaner Production, 140, 81- 92. Doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.04.146.

Dreachslin, J., Weech-Maldonado, R., Jordan, L., Gail, J., & Epané, J. P. (2017). Blueprint for Sustainable Change in Diversity Management and Cultural Competence: Lessons From the National Center for Healthcare Leadership Diversity Demonstration Project. Journal of Healthcare Management, 171-185.

Health, M. D. (2018, January 24). Local Public Health Act. Retrieved from http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/opi/gov/lphact/

McDonald, M. (2016). Strategic marketing planning: Theory and practice. In M. J. Baker, & S., Hart (Eds.), The marketing book (7th ed., pp. 86-120). New York, NY: Routledge.

Noble, B., &Nwanekezie, K. (2017). Conceptualizing strategic environmental assessment: Principles, approaches, and research directions. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 62, 165-173. Doi: 10.1016/j.eiar.2016.03.005.

Wolf, C., & Floyd, S. W. (2017). Strategic planning research: Toward a theory-driven agenda. Journal of Management, 43(6), 1754-1788. Doi: 10.1177/014920631347818

Xu, J., & Xu, L. (2017). Fault Diagnostics. Integrated System Health Management, 247-317. Doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-812207-5.00006-7

 

Needs help with similar assignment?

We are available 24x7 to deliver the best services and assignment ready within 3-4 hours? Order a custom-written, plagiarism-free paper

Get Answer Over WhatsApp Order Paper Now

Short answers essay questions – filters

/in /by

Short answers essay questions –  filters

Important: 100-150 words for every question even those within a question (for example if two questions within the same # question = 300 words)

Please refer to the video to answer the questions… link enclosed.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OCsp31lSQ2A

 

1- Which of the five filter’s do you find to be the most important to you considering your own experience following news about politics, society, or culture? Support your answer with examples from your own experience.

2- The video discusses Chomsky’s and Herman’s five filter theory.  What are theories 4 and 5? What does the speaker say about them in relation to the video title “How not to spot fake news”?

FYI: No title page/heading need it.

 

SAMPLE ANSWER

 

Question one

Among the five filters, the filter that I find the most important and relevant to my own experience when I am watching news in the fear of the other or anti-communism. Every day, news is filled with stories about terrorism, drug-related crime and war. From op-eds to long form stories, I am constantly warned about coming epidemics, plagues and crises in the health, energy and agriculture industries. After watching such news, I end up feeling like the world is getting worse. Gone are the days when I would turn on the news to be informed straightforwardly on important issues in my community and in other parts of the world. Currently, watching news is a psychologically risky pursuit that undermines my mental health. I feel like Fear-based news is slowly replacing fair and balanced news.

Short answers essay questions – filters

Question two

Theories four and five of the five filter theory talk about flak and fear of the other or anti-communism. Flak is seen when a news feature tries to challenge power and its margins. When journalists speak the truth about powerful people, they get flak. Additionally, when the stories run by journalists or whistleblowers attack powerful people and try to expose them, the flak machine is activated and the stories and sources are discredited. The stories are trashed to divert the conversation away from the issue being highlighted. According to the video, the more flak a story gets, the higher the probability that it is real. People in power will not spend time and resources discrediting fake stories. The main agenda behind creating flak is to dilute the story by discrediting the information contained in it. The video concludes by warning consumers to avoid buying into the flak.

ORDER A PLAGIARISM FREE PAPER HERE

On the other hand, fear of the other creates a target or an enemy. A common enemy or the bogeyman should be feared. This filter acts as a mobilizing factor against an enemy such as terrorism and war. According to the video, media has the power to create a common enemy and when the public is afraid they are more likely to respect authority. Both legitimate and fake news rely on fear to keep people glued to their TV and thus help these media stations generate revenue. The video further warns the population to be skeptical of news that makes them fearful and leaves them uniformed. Despite the fact that a news article illicit feelings of fear, it does not necessarily imply that it is fake. It could probably be exaggerated or told in the heat of the moment.

Needs help with similar assignment?

We are available 24x7 to deliver the best services and assignment ready within 3-4 hours? Order a custom-written, plagiarism-free paper

Get Answer Over WhatsApp Order Paper Now

RN and APRN Participation in Policy Evaluation

/in /by

RN and APRN Participation in Policy Evaluation

The Role of the RN/APRN in Policy Evaluation

 

Two Opportunities for RNs and APRNS to Actively Participate in Policy Review

·         An explanation of at least two opportunities that currently exist for RNs and APRNs to actively participate in policy review.

 

Challenges These Opportunities Present/How I Might Overcome

·         Explain some of the challenges that these opportunities may present and describe how you might overcome these challenges.

RN and APRN Participation in Policy Evaluation

 

Two Strategies to Better Advocate/Communicate these Opportunities (Provide Examples)

·         Finally, recommend two strategies you might make to better advocate for or communicate the existence of these opportunities. Be specific and provide examples.

 

Reference list

 

SAMPLE ANSWER

The Role of the RN/APRN in Policy Evaluation

Two significant opportunities that RNs and APRNs nurses have to enable them to participate in policy reviews include their capacity to influence health delivery and the professional organizations that they identify with as members (Milstead & Short, 2019). As professionals, nurses contribute towards caregiving for the sick. In this way, they bring into perspective a platform that enables them to care for the patients adequately. Equally, the entry of nurses into areas such as the American Nurses Organization presents a significant opportunity for them realize crucial opportunities in their professional undertaking to enhance policy reviews.

Nursing Paper Help

The opportunities that exist of the nurses may present diverse challenges such as issues pertaining to entry to the professional organizations. The professes of subscribing into those bodies may either be complex or have barriers that make entry difficult especially if the nurses fail to meet the minimum requirements (Shiramizu, Shambaugh, Petrovich, Seto, Ho, Mokuau & Hedges, 2016). Overcoming such a challenge requires the organizations to give clear guidelines on membership criteria. Equally, providing guidance during the registration process would bring many nurses on board. On the other hand, in their capacity to influence health delivery, and ultimately policy reviews, the professionals may lack adequate information to implement the necessary details. Thus, providing the relevant information and making it available for the nurses to use would prove effective in dealing with the impending challenge.

ORDER A PLAGIARISM FREE PAPER HERE

When communicating the opportunities that are available for the professional nurses to enable them adequately participate in policy reviews, the best strategies to implement are timing and leadership (Williams & Anderson, 2018). Through proper timing, it is possible to know when and when not to facilitate those reviews. In this way, it becomes easy to avoid the negative adversities associated with writing timing. Equally, having in place astute leadership would go a long way in facilitating policy reviews. Leadership is an integral ingredient in ensuring that policy review is done accordingly.

 

References

Milstead, J. A., & Short, N. M. (2019). Health Policy and Politics: A nurse’s guide (6th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Shiramizu, B., Shambaugh, V., Petrovich, H., Seto, T. B., Ho, T., Mokuau, N., & Hedges, J. R. (2016). Leading by success: Impact of a clinical and translational research infrastructure program to address health inequities. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities, 4(5), 983–991. doi:10.1007/s40615-016-0302-4

Williams, J. K., & Anderson, C. M. (2018). Omics research ethics considerations. Nursing Outlook, 66(4), 386–393. doi:10.1016/j.outlook.2018.05.003

Needs help with similar assignment?

We are available 24x7 to deliver the best services and assignment ready within 3-4 hours? Order a custom-written, plagiarism-free paper

Get Answer Over WhatsApp Order Paper Now

SDLC Stages in Nursing

/in /by

SDLC Stages in Nursing

In the media introduction to this module, it was suggested that you as a nurse have an important role in the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC). With a focus on patient care and outcomes, nurses may not always see themselves as contributors to the development of new systems. However, as you may have observed in your own experience, exclusion of nurse contributions when implementing systems can have dire consequences.

In this Discussion, you will consider the role you might play in systems development and the ramifications of not being an active participant in systems development.

To Prepare:

  • Review the steps of the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) as presented in the Resources.
  • Reflect on your own healthcare organization and consider any steps your healthcare organization goes through when purchasing and implementing a new health information technology system.
  • Consider what a nurse might contribute to decisions made at each stage of the SDLC when planning for new health information technology.

By Day 3 of Week 9

Post a description of what you believe to be the consequences of a healthcare organization not involving nurses in each stage of the SDLC when purchasing and implementing a new health information technology system. Provide specific examples of potential issues at each stage of the SDLC and explain how the inclusion of nurses may help address these issues. Then, explain whether you had any input in the selection and planning of new health information technology systems in your nursing practice or healthcare organization and explain potential impacts of being included or not in the decision-making process. Be specific and provide examples.

 

SAMPLE ANSWER

SDLC Stages in Nursing

The systems development life cycle (SDLC) is an information system that organizations incorporate into their plan to improve performance and efficiency of service production. The   SDLC can be implemented in nursing organizations to help nurses and physicians to provide quality care (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2015).  The SDLC life cycle is made up of six faces or designs: feasibility, analysis, design, implement, test, and maintain.

  1. Feasibility

Feasibility helps the organization to understand whether the project should be supported and executed. It often measures the technologic systems, economic, legal, and operational and schedule feasibility (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2015). Feasibility helps to analyze all aspects and makes clear the assessment of the project. Nurses should be part of the feasibility process to reduce the ineffectiveness of the technology system being implemented (Virginia Nurses Today, 2010). Excluding nurses, as team members may lead to the implementation of a substandard system that may not help improve healthcare delivery in the institution.

SDLC Stages in Nursing

2.Analysis

The analysis process involves the assessment of the new technology system with the help of nurses as the major stakeholders. Nurses must be required because they are involved in patient care and safety (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2015). The technology gives them an overview of what is needed to help care for patients (Swab & Ciotti, 2010). Therefore, health information technology improves patient care. The challenges that may occur may be due to the lack of support from nurses and physicians in implementation and using the system. Thus, having nurses as project members ensure the best technology is implemented to improve patient outcomes.

3. Design

The design phase determines the programs that will be involved and how they will interact with each other. The ability and effectiveness of the program are determined. It helps to determine the best data to be used (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2015). During this phase, nurses are required to contribute and be involved in decision making. Nurses are the end-users of the technological system, and involving them ensure critical data is not omitted. Not involving nurses may lead to frustrations in the early stages of planning and implementing the system (Swab & Ciotti, 2010). Nurses and physicians must be part of the program to ensure the understanding and acceptance of the program.

4. Implementation

The phase ensures the design is accepted, and the program chosen is believed to achieve its purpose of improving care (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2015). The implementation of the system must involve nurses and should include training and maintenance to ensure smooth running of the process. Thus, nurses must be comfortable and satisfied with the new system being implemented. A positive attitude would ensure the implementation system is a success (Kelley, Brandon, Docherty, 2011).

ORDER A PLAGIARISM FREE PAPER HERE

5. Test

The testing phase is critical involves individual programming module, integration, volume, the system, and beta testing (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2015). Nurses need to be included because they would be critical as the end-users of the system. The system being implemented may however not pass the test if nurses do not put their input to ensure its success.

6. Maintain

The process involves installing the technological system without considering the cost of maintenance. The phase also ensures there is user support because excluding physicians and nurses may delay the implementation of the system (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2015). Therefore, the maintenance phase ensures the system is well incorporated and running smoothly in improving patient outcomes.

SDLC Stages in Nursing

In my organization, nurses are still in the process of learning how the system works. This phase ensures we find issues and challenges that need to be identified and mitigated before implementing the technological system. However, nurses who are not technological savvy may find it difficult to welcome the change or the implementation of the new system (Virginia Nurse Today, 2010). Thus, having younger nurses working with older nurses may bridge the gap and ensure the system is successfully implemented and incorporate into patient care. Therefore, having nurses and physicians as key stakeholders ensure the system is implemented and run smoothly to help transform the healthcare system.

 

References

Kelley, T. F., Brandon, D. H., & Docherty, S. L. (2011). Electronic nursing documentation as a

strategy to improve the quality of patient care. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 43(2), 154-162. Doi:10.1111/j.1547-5069.2011. 01397.x

McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. G. (2015). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge

(3rd ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning.

Page, D. (2011). Turning nurses into health IT superusers. H&HN: Hospitals & Health

Networks, 85(4), 27-28. Retrieved from http://web.b.ebscohost.com.ezp.

waldenulibrary.org

Swab, J., & Ciotti, V. (2010). What to consider when purchasing an EHR system.

Healthcare Financial Management, 64(5), 38-41. Retrieved from

 

Needs help with similar assignment?

We are available 24x7 to deliver the best services and assignment ready within 3-4 hours? Order a custom-written, plagiarism-free paper

Get Answer Over WhatsApp Order Paper Now

Executive Brief: Proposal of New Economic Opportunity

/in /by
Executive Brief: Proposal of New Economic Opportunity

Proposal-Assessment 1 Detailed Instructions are uploaded along with a detailed example and template. PLEASE follow every single detailed instruction and bullet point accordingly and please make sure that you review the scoring guide/competencies prior to returning to me. Also please make sure that ALL editing is thorough! Thank You!

 

Economic Decision Making in Health Care

 

Assessment 1

Executive Brief: Proposal of New Economic Opportunity

 

OVERVIEW

Propose an economic initiative that presents an opportunity for improved care quality.

Master’s-level health care practitioners are charged with the responsibility of constantly scanning the external environment for shifts in supply of and demand for services. Concurrently, leaders must examine strategic fit with their organization’s directional strategy and determine if adjustments need to be made for current service offerings, updates in equipment, changes in staffing models, and a variety of other decisions. Each decision that is proposed must be evaluated in terms of the health care setting as a system, alignment with the mission and strategy, available internal resources, potential contract and payer source implications, and the short- and long-term economic effects at both the micro and macro levels.

 

Note: Complete the assessments in this course in the order in which they are presented.

By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:

  • Competency 1: Analyze the effects of financial and economic factors (such as cost-benefit, supply and demand, return on investment, and risks) in a health care system on patient care, services offered, and organizational structures and operation.
    • Analyze the supply and demand for a proposed economic initiative within contexts relevant to a care setting.
  • Competency 2: Develop ethical and culturally equitable solutions to economic problems within a health care organization in an effort to improve the quality of care and services offered.
    • Propose an economic initiative that presents an opportunity for a care setting at both the micro and macro levels, and that will provide ethical and culturally equitable improvements to the quality of care.
  • Competency 3: Justify the qualitative and quantitative information used to guide economic decision making to stakeholders and colleagues.
    • Explain relevant economic and environmental data that support a proposal and analysis.
  • Competency 5: Apply various communication methods in order to clearly, effectively, and efficiently relate information to stakeholders and colleagues related to economic data, findings, and strategies.
    • Communicate an economic proposal in a logically structured and concise manner, writing content clearly with correct use of grammar, punctuation, and spelling.
    • Effectively support a proposal with relevant economic data and scholarly sources, correctly formatting citations and references using current APA style.

 

Assessment Instructions:

In this assessment, you will propose an economic initiative that presents an opportunity for improved care quality.

Scenario

As an emerging health care leader, the senior management has requested that you independently research and explore one of the economic opportunities that may be available in your care setting. This may be offering a new service line, working to improve a service line already offered, retiring an outdated or unprofitable service line, or any other economic initiative that you believe will be of benefit to your care setting in the short and long term. One example of this is a recently launched partnership with a local bicycle sharing company. Your care setting partners with them to host healthy community events that offer free screenings for early detection of various health issues. This helps fulfill some of your care setting’s preventive and healthy lifestyle initiatives, while also potentially driving referrals to other services provided by your care setting. You have been asked to submit your proposal in the form of a 2–4-page executive summary that includes your proposed economic initiative, supporting economic data, and an analysis of the proposal’s benefits for your department and for the care setting overall.

Directions

You have been asked to ensure that your report addresses the following. Note: The bullet points below correspond to grading criteria in the scoring guide. Be sure your work is, at minimum, addressing each of the bullets below. You may also want to read the scoring guide and the Guiding Questions: Executive Brief: Proposal of New Economic Opportunity document, linked in the Resources, to better understand the performance levels that relate to each grading criterion:

  • Propose an economic initiative that presents an opportunity for your care setting at both the micro (departmental, neighborhood) and macro (organizational, community) levels that you believe will provide ethical and culturally equitable improvements to the quality of care.
  • Analyze the supply and demand for your proposed economic initiative within contexts relevant to your care setting.
  • Explain relevant economic and environmental data that support your proposal and analysis.
  • Communicate your economic proposal in a logically structured and concise manner, writing content clearly with correct use of grammar, punctuation, and spelling.
  • Effectively support your proposal with relevant economic data and scholarly sources, correctly formatting citations and references using current APA style.

Example Assessment: You may use the assessment example, linked in the Assessment Example section of the Resources, to give you an idea of what a Proficient or higher rating on the scoring guide would look like.

Additional Requirements

Your assessment should meet the following requirements:

  • Length: 2–4 double-spaced, typed pages. Your proposal should be succinct yet substantive.
  • APA format: Resources and citations are formatted according to current APA style.
  • Resources: Cite 3–5 authoritative and scholarly resources. Be sure to include specific economic data and support as part of your cited resources.

 

Questions to Consider:

As you prepare to complete this assessment, you may want to think about other related issues to deepen your understanding or broaden your viewpoint. You are encouraged to consider the questions below and discuss them with a fellow learner, a work associate, an interested friend, or a member of your professional community. Note that these questions are for your own development and exploration and do not need to be completed or submitted as part of your assessment.

  • What factors determine the price and quantity of health care? What factors determine the demand for health care services?
  • What suggestions do you have for improving the economic situation of your current health care setting? How might strategies or priorities need to shift to keep up with the changing health care economic environment?
  • How do the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) regulations impact documentation, billing, and reimbursement?

 

SAMPLE ANSWER

Executive Brief: Proposal of New Economic Opportunity

The reduced concerns about sterilization and disinfection processes in healthcare setting has led to increased nosocomial infections. Usually, the contagions occur after a victim has been admitted to hospital or a few hours after discharge, and about a month in case of an operation.  The increased reported cases of nosocomial infections ascertain the high cases of morbidity and mortality as well as financial strain on both patients and hospitals (Revelas, 2012). Thus, there is an urgent need for system change that will ensure that safety of patients in regards to the expected outcomes while under care of medical practitioners is improved. A regulatory approach to nursing practices within healthcare facilities can help in reducing or eliminating risks that patients are susceptible. Succinctly defined and formulated supervisory measures that can guarantee competent undertakings in intensive and special care units to minimize prevalence of nosocomial diseases (Hartmann, Arefian, Vogel, & Kwetkat, 2009). This article outlines a brief account of supervisory approach as an economic way of system change that can help to improve patient outcome by mitigating the challenges of healthcare-acquired infections.

Executive Brief: Proposal of New Economic Opportunity

The prevalence of nosocomial infections affects one out of ten patients that visit a healthcare facility (Stone, 2011). This signifies a lack of a sustainable culture that guarantees competence and adequate care when handling sensitive aspects such as those touching on life. Nosocomial diseases and infections affect both adults and children. Both genders have an equal chance of being infected.  Pediatric patients are also prone to these infections.  Children are mostly susceptible to bloodstream infections (Reveals, 2012). The reason for vulnerability is that children body system is not highly developed to fight contagions without external boost to immune system. Pneumonia and urinary tract infections are prevalent among adults. Methods and medical procedures used in the treatment of adult urinary complications require special attention and hygiene. Pediatric patients such as infants and youngsters in PICU or NICU are also vulnerable to healthcare-acquired infections. It is estimated that about two million individuals in a year are affected by nosocomial diseases in United States (Scott, 2008). Over 90,000 of those infected ends up dying because of extremity of complications.  The annual increase rate of infection in U.S. is about 33% (Scott, 2008).

ORDER A PLAGIARISM FREE PAPER HERE

The financial implications of diseases on the healthcare sector is worth noting. About $28 billion to $40 billion direct costs are recorded in hospitals every year (Scott, 2008). Most healthcare facilities are affected by nosocomial hospital infections that lower quality of patient outcomes as well as compromising the patient’s safety.  Treatment burdens associated with these diseases are costly. Therefore, there is need for an urgent change that will ensure that shortcomings are mitigated through nursing supervision mechanisms. It is estimated that 70% of bacteria that cause infections have mutated to resistant levels (Hartmann et al., 2009).  The increased expense for managing medical facilities and the high cost of healthcare services require a systematic change that is economical but also effective.

It is essential to note that healthcare-acquired infections emanate from lack or inadequate supportive culture within a hospital setup that is also encouraged by some other factors.  Diseases affect the nature of patients’ outcomes by affecting their quality of care while under medication.  Hospitals usually house many patients whose conditions are already stale (Nursing Times, 2010).  The numbers of patients who occasionally visit health centers seek medical attention because of their diverse ailments.  High number of patients leads to congestion in hospitals that leads to straining the available resources. Each sick person requires individual focus, and there exist chances of negligence from health practitioners because of mounting pressure due to high number of patients.  The nurse to patient ration is a critical problem in healthcare institutions. Currently, the U.S. is facing nurse shortage and the problem seems to be increasing. Burnout experiences among healthcare professionals can hinder their competence and lead to medical errors (Nursing Times, 2010).  Many procedures can be undertaken when conducting diagnosis and treatment tasks. Some processes are beyond standard body protection mechanisms (Schumacher et al., 2013). When doctors move from one individual to another, chances of pathogenic transmission are high if inadequate sterilization and disinfection methods are used during the treatment process. One can argue that nursing specialization could assist in reducing patient to patient transmission. However, it is worth noting that nurses are bound to esteem life and their actions are derived from the need to save as many lives as possible with their acquired skills and competence.

Executive Brief: Proposal of New Economic Opportunity

The prevalence of risky conditions that can lead to infections in hospitals can be controlled by setting up supervisory standards and quality measures that will encourage patients’ safety. Setting up strategies that will ensure that medical processes are supervised will guarantee safety if amalgamated with adequate facilities such as modern equipment and adequate human resources (Schumacher, Allignol, Beyersmann, Binder, & Wolkewitz, 2013).  The notion of supervision has not been fully incorporated into medical practice owing to costs and complexity of the processes. However, the involvement of health administrators and managers in nursing activities processes is associated with improved patient safety. Worth noting is that sectors of economy such as corporate industry have realized how supervision is attached to potential of profit margin increase. In nursing, there are no precise mechanisms for engagement and sharing of challenges practitioners face in working environment. Therefore, high chances of cumulative burnouts and incompetence that could compromise in-hospital quality of patient outcomes and safety exist (Nursing Times, 2010). Such forums can assist in providing space and time to consider avenues for improving quality of service and safety while taking care of patients to reduce rates of nosocomial infections. Supervisory processes meant to eradicate hospital-acquired diseases require a procedural process. Appropriate supervisory system change is, therefore, essential to assist in reducing the risk that patients are exposed to from nursing activities and lower levels of nurse-sensitive consequences among the patients (Stone, 2011).  The quality of healthcare provided in hospitals an important issue not only to the patients but also to the health physicians as demonstrated in their oath of service to protect life. Supplementary strategies stemming from external environment can improve commitment and competence of nurses and eliminate nosocomial contagions.

In summary, it is indispensable to recognize how healthcare-acquired infections originate from ordinary culture within a healthcare facility setup that is fortified by many factors.  Infections affect nature of patients’ outcomes by distressing eminence of care they are permitted to receive within the hospital premises. The method is a necessary progressive tool that is engrossed on conveyance of quality nursing care to alleviate pervasiveness of nosocomial contagions. For hospital management to control effects originating from homeopathic activities carried out by nurses and clinicians, it is essential for administrators to deliberate on supervision models that will assist in mitigating any shortcoming. Thus, there is an urgent need for system change that will ensure that safety of patients with regards to the expected outcomes while under care of medical practitioners is improved.

 

References

Hartmann, M., Arefian, H., Vogel, M., & Kwetkat, A. (2009). An economic evaluation of

interventions for the prevention of hospital-acquired infections: A systematic review. PLoS One, 11(1): e0146381. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146381.

Nursing Times. (2009). An integrated approach to introducing and maintaining supervision:

4S model. Retrieved from http://www.nusringtimes.net/nursing-practice-clinical-research/acute-care/an-integrated-approach-to-introducing-and-maintaning-supervision–4s-model/5000899.article

Nursing Times. (2010). Clinical supervision using 4S model 1: Considering the structure and

setting it up. Retrieved from http://www.nusingtimes,net/clinical-supervision-using–4s-model-1-condiering–structure-and-setting-it-up/5013987.fullarticle

Reveals, A. (2012). Healthcare-associated infections: a public health problem. Niger Med J.

53(2):59-64. doi: 10.4103/0300-1652.103543.

Schumacher, M., Allignol, A., Beyersmann, J., Binder, N., &Wolkewitz, M. (2013). Hospital-

acquired infections: Appropriate statistical treatment is urgently needed.  International Journal of Epidemiology, 42(5), 1502 – 1508. doi: 10/1093/ije/dyt111

Scott, R. D. (2008). Direct medical costs of healthcare-associated infections in US hospitals

and the benefits of prevention. CDC. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhqp/pdf/Scott_CostPaper.pdf

Stone, P. W. (2011). Economic Burden of healthcare-associated infections: An American

Perspective. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 9(5): 417–422.

doi: 10.1586/erp.09.53

 

 

 

.

 

 

Needs help with similar assignment?

We are available 24x7 to deliver the best services and assignment ready within 3-4 hours? Order a custom-written, plagiarism-free paper

Get Answer Over WhatsApp Order Paper Now

Vaginal Bleeding in Pregnancy

/in /by

Vaginal Bleeding in Pregnancy

Vaginal Bleeding in pregnancy:

A pregnant patient arrives in the Emergency Department with complaints of vaginal bleeding. You will choose the gestational age of your patient, and based on that gestational age answer the following questions: 2 References needed and at least 2 in text citation.

  1. Knowing the gestational age, provide information on LMP, and EDD
  2. What are the possible reasons she is bleeding at this gestational age?
  3. What are your nursing interventions for this issue, and please include education to your patient.

 

SAMPLE ANSWER

Vaginal Bleeding in Pregnancy

The patient who is at her 10th week of pregnancy as of October 9, 2019 is experiencing vaginal bleeding. During the assessment process, it is discovered that her last menstrual period began 10 weeks and three days ago; hence indicating she is in her 10th week. The patient has been experiencing low-back pains, increase in vaginal discharge, contractions, as well as Braxton hicks. Mostly, she had signs of early pregnancy loss, which include bleeding and cramping.

ORDER A PLAGIARISM FREE PAPER HERE

Some of the medical issues involved with bleeding and cramping during such an early stage include ectopic pregnancy or a miscarriage. According to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (2016), 10% of women who experience bleeding and cramping end up having a miscarriage. Other symptoms may include pelvic and abdominal pain, which at times occur even before one realizes they are pregnant. Various interventions can be used to ensure the patient does not have an ectopic pregnancy. First, for pregnancies between 9-12 weeks, a surgical intervention evacuation can be conducted to remove retained products of conception (Ward &Hisley, 2016). However, the patient should be educated on the risks involved with the procedure, such as hemorrhage, infections, and uterus perforation.

Nursing Paper Help

Medical management can also be used as an intervention, whereby, treatment is given using anti-progestin to increase uterine contractions and block progesterone action. However, if the patient had an ectopic pregnancy, other interventions such as laparotomy and laparoscopy would be considered (Ward, &Hisley, 2016). The most preferable option is laparoscopy since its side effects are less and the patient has shorter hospital stays. However, the patient should be educated on the risks of this intervention, which may include incomplete removal of trophoblast tissue.

 

References

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2016, July). Women’s Health Care Physicians. Retrieved from https://www.acog.org/

Ward, S., &Hisley, S. (2016). Maternal-child nursing care: Optimizing outcomes for mothers, children, & families (2nd Ed.).

 

 

 

Needs help with similar assignment?

We are available 24x7 to deliver the best services and assignment ready within 3-4 hours? Order a custom-written, plagiarism-free paper

Get Answer Over WhatsApp Order Paper Now

Cultural Assessment – Chinese culture

/in /by

Cultural Assessment – Chinese culture

The student will select a culture other than their own and design a paper using evidence based resources to address challenges

Use headings to help guide your reader through the sections of this paper.

  • An introductory paragraph where you define the topic. Be sure the purpose of the paper clearly stated.
  • Remember- in APA format the word “Introduction” is not a heading for the introductory paragraph.
  • Define the chosen culture. What are the characteristics of the culture- health beliefs, food preferences, and religious guidelines?
  • Significance of the topic – Provide examples of appropriate communication, how would the RN interact if there are language barriers, resources that would be included?
  • Discuss two significant health issues that are prevalent within the chosen culture and what the priorities for health maintenance or promotion that need to be addressed.
  • Summary paragraph will briefly recap the main points you raised.
  • Be sure to cite your references.
  • I am an African, any other culture will be fine
  • I will also require an abstract.

 

SAMPLE ANSWER

Abstract

The Chinese culture is one of the most ancient, diverse and sophisticated cultures of the world. The modern-day culture in China is an integration of the westernized lifestyle and old-world traditions, which co-exist in a balanced formula. The culture is ethically ambiguous with various minority groups including the Han, Manchus, Mongols, and Hezhen. The diversity in their languages, cuisines, celebrations, and artistic practices makes the culture different from the western culture. Health practices are constructed against an environment of regular social interactions and negotiations where allegiance to social identity, norms, and cultural traditions play a significant role. Major health conditions affecting this community include respiratory disorders, cancer and dental diseases.

 

Cultural Assessment

Different cultures vary in their systems of health beliefs and values concerning illness and methods of treatment. Western societies such as America view disease as natural scientific phenomena and therefore advocate for medical treatment that fights microorganisms. Other societies, like the Chinese, believe that illness is a result of supernatural phenomena that can be treated through spiritual intervention or using cultural herbs. Some are therefore reluctant to accept a diagnosis of various diseases such as mental retardation. For most Chinese, going for health counseling involves self-disclosure, and this goes against their values. Moreover, cultural values influence patients’ role in managing their health and the decision-making process concerning treatment.

Characteristics of the Chinese culture

Various cultural influences guide the health behaviors of the Chinese community. Health practices are constructed against an environment of regular social interactions and negotiations where allegiance to social identity, norms, and cultural traditions play a significant role. Therefore, beliefs regarding health express psychological factors that shape the choices made about health-related behavior and practices. Chinese beliefs on illness and health are based on a theory of balance and energy flow.  Diet, for example, plays a crucial role in treating illnesses and, sometimes, various dietary prescriptions are used as self-medication. Pregnant women, for instance, should not eat cold fruits such as bananas, to avoid miscarriage. Some take herbal drinks that protect the pregnancy and remove toxins from the womb and ensure a healthy baby.

ORDER A PLAGIARISM FREE PAPER HERE

The doctors use various traditional Chinese medicines such as herbs, acupuncture, meditation, Tui Na massage, and food to recover and sustain health. Herbs are used in regulating natural body balance and health restoration. The herbs come in the form of powders, pills, or balms for external use. Acupuncture, on the other hand, involves inserting needles into the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and muscles at particular acupuncture points and manipulating them. Tui Na is used for treating chronic pain musculoskeletal conditions. Also, the Chinese nutrition is considered the first line of defense in health matters. A balanced diet includes the five tastes – sour, spicy, sweet, bitter, and salty. The tastes are necessary for providing strength, cooling and warming the body.

Cultural Assessment – Chinese culture

Barriers to receiving quality care

Most health care professionals expect that patients will conform to mainstream values and this has created barriers for cultural groups such as Chinese to receive healthcare.  The various barriers include; “face-saving,” use of cultural herbs and lack of trust for healthcare providers.  Face-Saving is a strong concept in the Chinese culture. Patients avoid looking weak or foolish and they, therefore, avoid being vocal with healthcare providers concerning their health issues. Also, Most of them prefer using alternative and complementary medicine such as herbs, acupuncture, and massage. Moreover, some patients do not fully trust nurses and the with hold relevant information concerning their health.  Chinese also believe in karma, and according to them, it is bad luck to talk about death or illness.

Nursing Paper Help

Chinese residents in New York encounter countless socioeconomic problems and are faced with high disease dominance and poor health standards. Respiratory disorders, cancer and dental diseases are prevalent among the Chinese community. Structural factors, such as, affordability, accessibility, and service availability including health insurance, lack of finances, and cultural factors such as health beliefs and proficiency of the English language cause healthcare disparities. Additionally, barriers in the health system may prevent Chinese population from obtaining appropriate health care.

Cultural Assessment – Chinese culture

Summary

Healthcare providers should be aware of the important Chinese cultural beliefs. A poor understanding of cultural differences may lead to adverse clinical outcomes such as the use of harmful remedies, delayed immunization, non-compliance and reduced participation. Due to this, health disparities among members of this group are evident. The firm belief in traditional healing practices prevents the Chinese from seeking further medication. Some of the curing approaches used by this community, such as massage, may be too expensive. Patients, especially those not covered by insurance, suffer from an easily curable disease due to inadequate knowledge on alternative and affordable medical care. The lack of understanding has led to high mortality and morbidity rate. Nurses should combine cultural information with clinical assessment of the patient to provide culturally sensitive care.

 

References

Ch’en, J. (2018). China and the West: society and culture, 1815-1937. Routledge.

Wang, Y. K. (2010). Harmony and war: Confucian culture and Chinese power politics.

Columbia University Press.

 

 

Needs help with similar assignment?

We are available 24x7 to deliver the best services and assignment ready within 3-4 hours? Order a custom-written, plagiarism-free paper

Get Answer Over WhatsApp Order Paper Now

Organizational development

/in /by

Organizational development

Respond to at least two of your colleagues’ postings and continue the Discussion through Day 7. Expand on this Discussion by providing additional insights or alternative perspectives to colleagues who were assigned different scenarios than you. For example, if you were assigned Scenario 1, respond to colleagues who were assigned Scenario 2 and Scenario 3.

 

SAMPLE ANSWER

Discussion Peer Responses

Organizational development is focused on improving the efficiency and effectiveness of a workplace. As part of this process, strategic planning professionals often work with leadership teams to develop strategies for short-term and long-term organizational development, including workforce planning and succession planning. This helps ensure that health care organizations recruit, train, and retain employees that are capable of meeting strategic objectives. For this Discussion, examine the following scenarios and suggest strategies for organizational development, workforce planning, and succession planning.

Scenario 1: Park Post-Acute Care Services has been providing quality nursing home and home health services for 70 years in rural Texas. It is a family-owned business that has been passed down through the generations to family members eager to provide service to citizens in the community. About three years ago, the leadership team created a five-year strategic plan in anticipation of some members of the leadership team retiring after fully accomplishing the plan. The remaining members committed to serving as chief executives of larger health care organizations. However, the strategic plan failed to include a succession plan for identifying talented professionals who will be able to lead the organization after the long-standing leadership team of 15 years vacate their positions in two years.

 

Week 6: Scenario 1/Abigail

An acute care services providing care in rural Texas is family-owned and recently, the some of the senior leadership is preparing for retirement.  The rest of the senior leadership is prepared to continue with their administrative duties, but there are currently no plans for succession once the other administrators retire.

There are strategies for the short and long-term organizational development and succession planning for this Texas acute care service.  The short-term strategy for the administrators is to list the responsibilities of those retiring.  Perhaps a sub-committee can be formed to create a more formalized job description.  For example, if one of the retiring administrators has been responsible with finances, then the specific tasks can also be listed such as preparation of annual budget, management of supply and demands of the facility while maintaining the budget, etc (Harvard Business Publishing, 2009).

ORDER A PLAGIARISM FREE PAPER HERE

The long-term strategy to assist with this issue is to either use the same sub-committee or a different sub-committee to initiate recruitment.  Advertising and marketing of the positions is vital to attract the appropriate people in the roles.  Recruitment can take months to years to complete, especially for administrative roles (Rahardjo, S., 2014).

Having short and long-term strategy plans are necessary to achieve goals.  It also takes significant amount of meetings to ensure that all key players are engaged are aware of the same goals.

Rahardjo, S. (2014). New roles of human resources in facing the changing challenge of business environment. International Journal of Management Research and Reviews, 4(4), 464-470.

Harvard Business Publishing (Producer). (2009). Be strategic with your workforce [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yny-PWy64li4

 

RESPONSE

Leadership succession planning is imperative to any organization for the continuity of the vision set by the management. It is therefore important to ensure leadership development among the new generations that would take over the management. Leadership development is the main component of training and preparing individuals to managerial positions (Ellinger et al, 2014). Succession planning should begin with a review of the organizational’ s strategic plan. This would enable the management to create a career ladder and identify key positions that would require succession plans. In addition, before making plans for external recruitments, it is important to consider the existing employees. Therefore, the employee profiles including their education and talents should be identified. The goals of the identified employees should align with the short term and long-term goals of the organization.

Reference

Ellinger, L., Trapskin, P., Black, R., Kotis, D., & Alexander, E. (2014). Leadership and Effective Succession Planning in Health-System Pharmacy Departments. Hospital Pharmacy, 49(4), 369-375. doi: 10.1310/hpj4904-369

Organizational development

 

Scenario 2: Whitesville Medical Center has been providing quality patient care in Louisiana for over 100 years. However, during the last five years, the organization has experienced significant turnover in middle management positions in the Housekeeping Department. In fact, the average tenure of a middle manager is only six months, and there is a current vacancy in the day and evening shifts. Because of the unstable management team, no one has been able to hold supervisors accountable for facilitating appropriate orientation of new staff, ongoing training of the seasoned employees, and routine audits of the employees’ performance. Unfortunately, the breakdown in management oversight has led to a lack of employee training in cleaning and sanitizing patient rooms, surgical suites, and public areas including the restrooms and waiting areas. The lack of cleanliness and sanitation has led to an outbreak of nosocomial infections impacting several patients and causing them to remain in the hospital for a longer period of time. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services and the Joint Commission have received anonymous tips about this outbreak and have sent survey teams to conduct unannounced visits at the facility, which could lead to fines until the issue is fully resolved by the medical center.

 

Wk6 Discussion/ Jacquelyne Atakora 

Whitesville Medical Center has been providing patient care in Louisiana for over 100 years, but in the past five years they have had serious problems with management and has experienced significant turnover. Management is the foundation of any medical center, and because of the breakdown in management has led to lack of training in employees. The lack of cleanliness has led to an outbreak of nosocomial infections, causing longer patient stays and unannounced visits to the facility.  One-way productivity of quality care could be measure is through employee and patients’ surveys. Patients could be asked to fill out surveys at the end of their visits online or at the office to see what they thought about their physician. Employees could fill out self-assessments on how they personally felt their visits with patients are going. This could help with productivity by giving operations insight on how they could better train incoming employees and on what patients want from their physicians. Adding accounts on sites like yelp and google by allowing patients to leave reviews could also help evaluate productivity. Since patient satisfaction is a main goal, why not let patients tell you what they need from their provider. Six Sigma was developed in the 1980s and has been used to define quality strategies for many organizations. General Electric is one of the many companies who have gained much success using the Six Sigma methodology. The focus us on “eliminating defects through removal of variance in business systems” (McLaughlin & Olsen, 2017). The Six Sigma is an infrastructure that is hierarchical with all employees as the foundation. Using this system could create some organization and a better foundation for new employees. If the system is organized, employees will be more satisfied in their positions, thus decreasing turnover rates. Using benchmarking or “comparison of internal data to those of outside organizations for purposes of evaluating an organization’s performance”, will allow Whitesville to look within their organization as compared to others and see what tactics other organizations are using to gain success.

Reference:

McLaughlin, D. B., & Olson, J. R. (2017). Health care operations management (3rd ed.). Chicago, IL: Health Administration Press.

Measuring healthcare productivity – from unit to system level. (2016). International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, (3), 288. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1108/IJHCQA-04-2015-0050

Walston, S. L. (2018). Strategic healthcare management: Planning and execution (2nd ed.). Chicago, IL: Health Administration.

 

RESPONSE

High healthcare employee turnover is a major challenge in the healthcare sector. Rising healthcare employee turnover not only impacts healthcare provider, but it also impacts on the patient outcomes (Collini, Guidroz & Perez, 2015). Hospitals require a skilled, reliable and stable workforce to provide effective and continuous patient care. Healthcare organizations should address the main drivers of healthcare employee turnover to ensure their operations and patient outcomes are not negatively impacted employees leaving the organization. Managers at healthcare organizations should understand the needs of their employees to prevent voluntary turnover. Conducting regular performance recognition and feedback discussions in addition to annual performance evaluations are key to ensure employee retention. Receiving employee feedback is also critical to lowering turnover rates. Managers should understand how employees receive and perceive feedback. Employees should have communication channels available to provide suggestions regarding the organization, their individual jobs, and how their decisions impact their work.

Reference

Collini, S., Guidroz, A., & Perez, L. (2015). Turnover in health care: the mediating effects of employee engagement. Journal Of Nursing Management, 23(2), 169-178. doi: 10.1111/jonm.12109

 

 

 

Needs help with similar assignment?

We are available 24x7 to deliver the best services and assignment ready within 3-4 hours? Order a custom-written, plagiarism-free paper

Get Answer Over WhatsApp Order Paper Now

Advanced Practice Nursing Role

/in /by
Advanced Practice Nursing Role

This is an assignment and does not need to be in essay format, however all questions answered can be mixed within a paragraph or two and flow together. Please see attachment and keep the module sections divided. About one page of length per module section is ok. These questions are for Advanced Practice Nursing (APRN) practicing in Texas– this is important because the laws may differ from state to state.

Minimum of 2 references per section. References need to be provided in APA format.

Module 1.2

Can Advanced Practice Nurses (APRN) practice with any type of population focus or speciality?  Does the Texas BON regulate where APRN’s can practice? Does the Texas BON regulate what type of practice APRN’s can participate in? Does Medicaid or Medicare influence where APRN’s can practice or what type of practice?  Does the Texas Board of Medicine regulate what type of practice APRN’s can participate in?

Compare and contrast the differences between the various APRN credentialing organizations? Does an APRN need to be credentialed?  What purpose does credentialing serve?

Do APRN’s need to be certified? If so, why?  What purpose does APRN certification serve?  What are some types of APRN certification?  Who certifies APRN’s?

 

Module 1.3

Why is there a need for the consensus model?  What is the purpose of the consensus model?  If you move from state to state as a APRN to work, what do you need to ask yourself in order to stay out of trouble?  How did the consensus model come about?

Is Texas compliant with the consensus model? If so why or why not?

What is the proper order in the consensus model?  Please define the purpose of the Certifying organizations? Accrediting organizations? Licensing boards?  What are the four categories of APRNs?

 

Module 1.4

When you prescribe to patients can you prescribe to persons that live outside your state?  For instance, if a person is visiting from Alaska and gets sick and visits your clinic can you prescribe to them?

Can you prescribe to persons that reside in the U.S. Virgin Islands and they are visiting your town and get sick?

Can you prescribe to persons that live in Mexico and they are visiting their daughter that lives in your town?

Can you prescribe Adderall to 11-year-old patients by yourself?

Can you prescribe Morphine to a 50-year patient with chronic pain?

Do you need to keep any records of your prescriptions?

Should you carry insurance when you prescribe?  What type of insurance should you carry?

Should you get a DEA number?  If so what is the process of getting a DEA number?

What is the Texas Prescription Monitoring aware program (PMP)?  When should an APRN utilize this program?

If an APRN is working in Telemedicine and they prescribe medications to a patient that calls in with sinusitis and lives in the same state.  Does prescribing to a patient via telemedicine work differently? and if so how?

Advanced Practice Nursing Role

 

Module 2.1

Beside the Texas Board of Nursing what other agencies or government bodies regulate or create rules for APRN’s?

How can APRN’s influence their state representatives?

What other groups can APRN’s collaborate with to influence potential legislation?

Please include the government address of your state representative and state senator?

Write a letter to your state representative about an APRN issue that matters to you (Example: full practice authority or any other issue that affects APRN’s).  Make sure you address your state representative as Honorable State Representative (their last name).  Mail the letter to their Austin address.

How do APRN’s find out about rule changes or changes in the law?  How do laws become enacted in Texas?

When does the Texas legislature meet? When does the Texas Board of Nursing meet?

 

SAMPLE ANSWER

Advanced Practice Nursing Role

Module 1.2

The Texas Board of Nursing considers that nursing practice is dynamic. The advanced nursing practice evolves through technology development, evidence-based practice, acquisition of knowledge, experience, and the changes in health care delivery (NursingLicensure.org, 2019). The scope of practice shows the type of patients APNs need to perform and forms APNs ability to seek reimbursement for provided services. Therefore, APNs can perform new procedures, practice in new settings, and practice new skills during their practice.

APRNs can practice with any population as they can diagnose and treat the public on various health complications and manage chronic diseases. This means that APRNs can provide specialty care across all people through assessment, diagnosis, and treatment including reproductive and gynecological care (Texas Board of Nursing,2019). Thus, APRNs drive evidence-based care and best practices changes to ensure and improve patient outcomes.

Advanced Practice Nursing Role

The Texas BON regulate where APRN’s can practice. Graduates who complete nursing education in the US or who receive the licensure may be allowed to operate temporarily in Texas (Texas Board of Nursing, 2019). However, individuals graduating from outside the US looking for license in Texas cannot get temporary authorization. Besides, even if they file for NCLEX-PN® they cannot get temporary authorization to practice (NursingLicensure.org, 2019). Medicaid or Medicare does not influence where APRN’s can practice or what type of training. Their role is only to reimburse for services provided. The Texas Board of Medicine also does not regulate what kind of practice APRN’s can participate. The board is only concerned in investigating complaints against medical physicists, surgical assistants, nurse and physicians (Texas Board of Nursing, 2019). There are many APRN credentialing organizations, and APRNs can choose from NCC, PNCB, AACN, and AANPCB, for certification.

APRNs in Texas must have at least a master’s degree to be certified. The certification must be consistent with education (Texas Board of Nursing, 2019). However, there are instances where an individual does not meet Texas standards despite training. The main types of certifications include the American Midwifery Certification Board, the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, American Nurses Credentialing, and American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (Texas Board of Nursing, 2019). Therefore, the certifications help nurses grow in nursing field, expand their knowledge, and evolve as professionals, which in turn lead to improvement of healthcare delivery.

Module 1.3

The APRN Consensus Model is a model that helps to outline the recommendations regarding APRN licensure, education, certification, accreditation in all states in the United States. The model was developed between 2005 and 2008 by the American Nurses’ Association (National Council of State Boards of Nursing, 2019). The implementation of the model got an endorsement of over 40 nursing organizations in 2008 (National Council of State Boards of Nursing, 2019). The model impacts APRN certification organizations because their certification requirements must reflect the model requirements. APRNs need to stay updated on the requirements of in their profession and population focus to ensure their licensure requirements meet practice in Texas. Thus, the APRN Consensus Model has helped ensure APRNs are trained to ensure public safety, and developing standards, which reaffirm the certification and qualifications of APRNs in medical environments (National Council of State Boards of Nursing, 2019).

Advanced Practice Nursing Role

The consensus model has been endorsed and adopted by the state board of nursing in Texas to help in their revision of the policies on the APRN scope of practice and licensure requirements.  The model has a particular order for APRN regulation such as Licensure, Accreditation, Certification, and Education (Milstead & Short, 2019). The uniform model is therefore designed to align the interrelationship aspects within the model as mentioned above.

The certifying organizations, accrediting organizations, and licensing boards are responsible for certifying APRNs based on their patient population focus. They provide tests to examinees looking to become certified nurses in the state of Texas.  The Consensus Model outlines the four types of APRNs, including nurse practitioner (NP), clinical nurse specialist (CNS), certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA), and certified nurse-midwife (CNM) (Milstead & Short, 2019).

Module 1.4

APRNs in Texas does not have a prescribing authority of prescribing drugs and offering health care services to persons visiting from a different state in the US such as Alaska. Texas regulates the scope of prescription and primarily prohibited independent prescription (NursingLicensure.org, 2019). The APRNs are required to have the federal DEA registration and must have the prescriptive authority before ordering and prescribing drugs to people visiting from other states.  APRNs still has to get the prescription authority to treat individuals who get sick while visiting the town and are from Mexico or Virgin Island. However, this regulation is always challenging because APRNs should not be deterred from prescribing appropriately for individuals who need emergency treatment while visiting the state since failing to provide care does meet the standard of nursing practice (NursingLicensure.org, 2019). Therefore, APRNs must provide appropriate assessment, treatment, and prescriptions for patients from outside the United States.

APRNs in Texas have limitations when prescribing Adderall to 11-year-old patients by themselves.  The APRNs are limited to prescribing a 90-day supply of Adderall to individuals of the age of 2 years and older. Physician consultation is always needed, and the consultation must be outlined n the patient’s chart (NursingLicensure.org, 2019). Besides, pharmacists are not allowed to fill a schedule of subscription filled by an APRN. Prescription within the hospital can only be done by physician delegation for Schedule II prescriptions.

ORDER A PLAGIARISM FREE PAPER HERE

APRNs in Texas can prescribe Morphine to a 50-year patient with chronic pain under controlled practice conditions because they must have physician consultation before prescribing the morphine. The Texas Medical Board considers that the patient must first be evaluated before prescribing the morphine including assessment of patient medical history, morphine prescription data (NursingLicensure.org, 2019).  Besides, informed consent must be considered before providing a morphine treatment, and this is tracked through the prescription monitoring program (PMP). The complete medical records for prescriptions must be maintained to help review the patient’s medical data in their future morphine treatment. Besides, the board of nursing requires APNs to help patients with insurance procedures during prescription. Therefore, complying with the Texas Insurance Code §1467.0511 is critical (Texas Board of Nursing, 2019).

The DEA number is essential because all APRNs working in Texas must be registered with the federal Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). APRNs are covered under the registration, and they get individual DEA registration number. The process of applying the DEA number include application in the DEA website in which you are given a registration ID number based on the state of practice (Texas Board of Nursing, 2019). The ID number is also essential during the renewal of registration.

The Prescription Monitoring Program (PMP) in Texas aims to collect and monitor prescription data for all controlled substances by pharmacies in the state or located in other countries.  The PMP helps APRNs to check and eliminate duplicate controlled substances, get substance history information, and obtain overprescribing of controlled substances (Nursing World, 2019). APRNs with the authority of a physician may treat patients through the use of telemedicine using his or her license. Prescription in telemedicine works differently because there must be an established patient-practitioner relationship and the practitioner must meet the standard of care for the individual.

Module 2.1

Apart from the Texas Board of Nursing, other government bodies and agencies that create rules for nurses include NCSBN, AANA, ACNM, and the Citizen Advocacy Center. These bodies help legislators to make decisions regarding APRNs scope of practice, including the regulatory and regulatory requirements (National Council of State Boards of  Nursing, 2019).  APRNs can influence legislation through policy work involving practice processes and standards and collaborate with patients to ensure quality health care delivery. Influencing policy change also affects resource allocation and provision of care.

Advanced Practice Nursing Role

APRN’s always found out about rule changes or changes in the law through the weekly publication called Texas registry after the Texas Board of Nurses submit all proposed changes (Texas Board of Nursing, 2019). The registry includes notices of rule review, repealed rules, notice of withdrawn, adopted standards, emergency rules, and proposed rules.

Laws are enacted in Texas through the legislations enacted by the Legislature that convenes after every 140 days after every two years (Nursing World, 2019). However, sometimes special sessions can be conducted by the governor in case of emergency issues that may impact the nursing profession more positively. Most legislation can also be amended during the sessions.

 

References

Milstead, J. A., & Short, N. M. (2019). Health policy and politics: A nurse’s guide (6th ed.).

Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

American Nurses Association (ANA). (November 14, 2017). ANA Enterprise.

https://www.nursingworld.org/practice-policy/aprn/

National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN). (20191). APRN consensus

implementation status. NCSBN. https://www.ncsbn.org/5397.htm

National Council of State Boards of Nursing (20192). “Consensus Model for APRN
Regulation: Licensure, Accreditation, Certification & Education,” ncsbn.org, National Council of State Boards of Nursing, https://www.ncsbn.org/Consensus_Model_for_APRN_Regulation_July_2008.pdf

NursingLicensure.org, (20191). Advanced Practice Registered Nurse license requirements in

Texas. Nursing licensure. https://www.nursinglicensure.org/np-state/texas-nurse-practitioner.html

NursingLicensure.org, (20192). Advanced Practice Registered Nurse license requirements in

California. Nursing licensure. https://www.nursinglicensure.org/np-state/california-nurse-practitioner.html

Nursing World. (2019). “FAQ: Consensus Model for APRN Regulation,”
nursecredentialing.org, American Nurses Credentialing Center, https://www.nursingworld.org/certification/aprn-consensus-model/faq-consensus-model-for-aprn-regulation/
Texas Board of Nursing. (2019). National Certification Expectations for Entry-Level
NPS,” aanp.org, American Association of Nurse Practitioners, https://www.aanp.org/education/student-resource-center/starting-your-career/9-education/1060-certification-for-entry-level-nps

 

 

 

Needs help with similar assignment?

We are available 24x7 to deliver the best services and assignment ready within 3-4 hours? Order a custom-written, plagiarism-free paper

Get Answer Over WhatsApp Order Paper Now

Phenomenology Research

/in /by

Phenomenology Research

The quest to understand the lived experience and the philosophical structures of experience and consciousness is the focus of a movement that began in the early years of the 20th Century. The movement is called phenomenology because the movement explores the lived experience of phenomena. Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger were two of the prominent philosophers who developed this method of inquiry though each took a significantly different philosophical approach to understanding human experience. In this assignment, you will discuss the psychology research methods that emerged from the philosophies of Husserl and Heidegger and the researchers who developed those methods.

General Requirements:

  • This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
  • Doctoral learners are required to use APA style for their writing assignments. The APA Style Guide is located in the Student Success Center.
  • This assignment requires that at least two scholarly research sources related to this topic, and at least one in-text citation from each source be included.
  • You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

Directions:

Write a paper (1,250-1,500 words) in which you discuss both the phenomenological research methods in psychology that emerged from the philosophies of Husserl and Heidegger and the theorists/psychologists who developed those methods. Include the following in your paper:

  1. A discussion of at least two phenomenological research methods that emerged from the phenomenological philosophy of Husserl. What were the central tenets of each method? What is known about the theorists/psychologists who developed each method?
  2. A discussion of at least two phenomenological research methods that emerged from the phenomenological philosophy of Heidegger. What were the central tenets of each method? What is known about the theorists/psychologists who developed each method?
  3. A contrast of the primary differences among the phenomenological research methods identified above. How does each method address approaches to data gathering, data analysis, and the role of the researcher?
  4. A research-based statement of and rationale for the method you believe allows the best understanding of human experience.

 

SAMPLE ANSWER

Phenomenology Research

Introduction

Phenomenology in psychology involves studying subjective experiences at a personal level. Philosophers apply different research methods when it comes to studying individual experiences; however, it is always challenging to identify the quality of a particular experience for one to come up with effective conclusions (Horrigan-Kelly, Dowling & Millar, 2017). In most cases, it is hard to believe in the possibility individuals having similar experiences for a given phenomenon. As such, this indicates that the phenomenology research results can only be applied to one person and should not be a reflection of other people, despite the similarity (Sousa, 2014). Various philosophers, including Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger, have developed phenomenological methods of research to explain how experiences affect individuals separately. Husserl and Heidegger have significantly contributed to the study by proposing and examining various research methods hence providing a starting point for other philosophers. To get the most viable method of understanding human experiences, major emphasis will be placed on reviewing Husserl and Heidegger’s work and their contribution to development of phenomenological research methods.

Phenomenological Research Philosophy for Husserl

Edmund Husserl is regarded as one of the most significant philosophers when it comes to phenomenological studies. Compared to other studies, Husserl’s studies on phenomenology created a system to govern the science, hence forming a new perspective that separated it from other philosophies (Horrigan-Kelly, Dowling & Millar, 2017). He developed various research methods, one of them being the genetic concept, which was derived from inner-time consciousness theory. According to Applebee (2011), Husserl used this concept as a way of uncovering the beginning of intentional motivations, which can either be as a result of reason, or pre-predicative.

Husserl also applied Descriptive Phenomenological Method in studying psychology. The concept, which was initially proposed by Amedeo Giorgi, factors in both interpretive and descriptive moments that must be applied in any research process (Applebaum, 2011). the central tenant of this method is indicating the need to integrate descriptive and interpretive aspects of descriptive phenomenological research method. Husserl also applied neurophenomenology as another research method, which combines first person science with his phenomenology philosophies. The method applies scientifically verifiable methods in examining individual conscious experiences, as well as studying the mind by combining phenomenology with neuroscience (Sousa, 2014). Neurophenomenology was first introduced by Francisco Varela who was a trained biologist, a philosopher, as well as a mathematician. He supported the idea of human consciousness and cognition through enactive structures that may arise (Horrigan-Kelly, Dowling & Millar, 2017).

Phenomenology Research

Phenomenological Research Philosophy for Martin Heidegger

Husserl’s research methods are highly challenged by Heidegger, whose ideas are termed as a combination of contextualism and phenomenology. Unlike Husserl, Heidegger rejects the idea of human beings being regarded as spectators of objects, with his arguments being based on the assumption that objects and subjects are inseparable(Horrigan-Kelly, Dowling & Millar, 2017). From Heidegger’s perspective of philosophy, an individual’s existence involves being in the world where one is embedded and inseparable from the world. His work mostly disregards Husserl’s view of transcendental ego and one of his proposed methods of phenomenological reduction. He describes ‘being ‘ as a matter of choice, where individuals are in a position to investigate their kind of being, by first identifying ho they understand the factor of being(Horrigan-Kelly, Dowling & Millar, 2017).

Like Husserl, Heidegger also inspired various research methods of philosophy, one of them being Interpretative phenomenological analysis. The central tenet of interpretative analysis is to show how in certain phenomenon different individuals make sense of situations and how they respond to such situations. Such a phenomenon, according to Heidegger, may arise from personal issues such as life events. The interpretative phenomenological analysis applies qualitative research where data gathering techniques involve interviewing participants and from journal entries (Applebaum, 2011). As a philosopher, Heidegger identified these research methods as unique since it not only focuses on the psychological components affecting an individual, but also idiographic and interpretive components. Interpretive analysis has also been applied in other areas beyond phenomenology to be used in occupational psychology (Horrigan-Kelly, Dowling & Millar, 2017). The method was proposed by Jonathan smith with the aim of promoting qualitative research in social and health psychology.

ORDER A PLAGIARISM FREE PAPER HERE

Heidegger also inspired phenomenological anthropology as a research method. He adopted an existentialist approach used in psychoanalysis, which argues that the existence of human beings involves being open to any experiences, if not all (Applebaum, 2011). the central tenet of this research method, as emphasized by Heidegger, is to show that that there is no gap between the human mind and measurable matter.  For the study, participants are meant to think of themselves as being alone with their self while being in the paradox of being in a relationship with other humans but that they are ultimately alone. He also combines phenomenological approach as proposed by Husserl with existentialism to analyze human experiences (Horrigan-Kelly, Dowling & Millar, 2017). He describes phenomenology as letting things be seen in the way they present themselves. Unlike Husserl, Heidegger did not use phenomenology as a tool to analyze consciousness. By seeing things in their natural form without further analysis, he implied separation form consciousness.

Contrasting Methods

Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger are regarded as two of the most influential philosophers that had significant mark in developing and inspiring other psychologists in phenomenology. Their studies have inspired other research methods in an attempt to understand how individuals experience and respond to different phenomena. Although both philosophers had a similar agenda to understand human experiences, they both had different journeys and perceptions, as observed by the different approaches they applied in explaining human experiences (Horrigan-Kelly, Dowling, & Millar, 2017). The methods and theories applied by both Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger have enabled development of more research methods in various areas, especially in phenomenology.

In both cases, Heidegger and Husserl applied similar themes in phenomenological research since they both use qualitative and inductive research methods. The ideas of the two philosophers indicate that applying quantitative measure is not sufficient to ensure that there is free flow of information between the participant and the researcher. Further, they agree that reality on subjectivity and it is not fixed (Horrigan-Kelly, Dowling & Millar, 2017). The methods used to gather data are also similar since they both use journal entries and interviews. As Horrigan-Kelly, Dowling and Millar (2017) note, interviewing is regarded as the best method of information gathering when working an individual basis. Nonetheless, in cases where research methods vary, they still aim at reaching a similar goal. Besides, the philosophers also agree on a type of psychology that looks within an individual instead of forcing medication on the said subject.

Nursing Paper Help

Heidegger and Husserl’s ideas differ based on the applicability of individual experiences. While Husserl believed that phenomenology is rooted in an individual’s negated assumptions and perceptions of a given subject, Heidegger formed an interpretive approach whose main concept focused on being in the world, instead of striving to know it. Husserl focuses on a Descriptive Phenomenological Method, which incorporates interpretive and descriptive moments from an individual point. Heidegger, on the other hand, looks into Interpretative phenomenological analysis, which mainly interprets how individuals react in various situations (Sousa, 2014). He emphasizes on focusing on one’s self despite being surrounded by other people. Although both philosophers apply methods that are unique and different, they both focus on a common goal of offering assistance that focus on an individual and not on the surrounding.

Best Understanding of Human Experience

Heidegger provides the best understanding of human experience through interpretative phenomenological analysis. This form of qualitative research enables a researcher to understand how one would react if they are put in a set of circumstances and the reaction to certain phenomenon. By applying this method, one is able to use extensive research to get a better understanding of how people react to situations. Although phenomenologist understand and agree on the need to use medication for certain illnesses, the also provide other alternatives that reach similar conclusions as medication. Such alternatives have proven to be equally helpful in understanding human experiences, which are highly fascinating and are better understood through phenomenology.

 

References

Applebaum, M. H. (2011). Amedeo Giorgi and Psychology as a Human

Science. Neuroquantology, 9(3), 518-525.

Horrigan-Kelly, M., Dowling, M., & Millar, M. (2017). Understanding the Key Tenets of

Heidegger’s Philosophy for Interpretive Phenomenological Research. International Journal Of Qualitative Methods, 15(1),

Sousa, D. (2014). Phenomenological Psychology: Husserl’s Static and Genetic

Methods. Journal Of Phenomenological Psychology, 45(1), 27-60. doi:10.1163/15691624-12341267

 

 

Needs help with similar assignment?

We are available 24x7 to deliver the best services and assignment ready within 3-4 hours? Order a custom-written, plagiarism-free paper

Get Answer Over WhatsApp Order Paper Now