NRS-433V-RS3: Quantitative Studies
Quantitative Studies
Write a critical appraisal that demonstrates comprehension of two quantitative research studies. Use the “Research Critique Guidelines – Part II” document to organize your essay. Successful completion of this assignment requires that you provide a rationale, include examples, and reference content from the study in your responses.
Use the practice problem and two quantitative, peer-reviewed research articles you identified in the Topic 1 assignment to complete this assignment.
In a 1,000–1,250 word essay, summarize two quantitative studies, explain the ways in which the findings might be used in nursing practice, and address ethical considerations associated with the conduct of the study.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.
SAMPLE ANSWER
NRS-433V-RS3: Quantitative Studies
Quantitative Research Article 1
Chiu, S., Bergeron, N., Williams, P. T., Bray, G. A., Sutherland, B., & Krauss, R. M. (2015). Comparison of the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet and a higher-fat DASH diet on blood pressure and lipids and lipoproteins: A randomized controlled trial–3. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 103(2), 341-347. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26718414
- Problem
The DASH diet emphasizes the consumption of vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and low-fat dairy foods to reduce blood pressure and the risks of cardiovascular diseases(Chiu et al.2016). According to the reports on the nursing studies, high-fat dairy products, fewer vegetables, and fruits are associated with a high risk of stroke, blood pressure, and diseases of the coronary artery.
NRS-433V-RS3: Quantitative Studies
- Significance to nursing
The extent of adherence to diet determines the effectiveness of the intervention of the DASH diet. Most people with the problem of following prescribed diets have difficulty if adhering to DASH diet. It is the responsibility of the nurses to create awareness and advice patients on how to follow prescribed diets to increase the effectiveness of DASH intervention. According to Chiu, et al. 2016, it is essential to include a variation in the composition of the macronutrients in the DASH diet while still enhancing the preservation to the benefits of lipid and blood pressure risk factors.
NRS-433V-RS3: Quantitative Studies
- Purpose of the study
The main objective of the study was to assess the possible effects of switching to low-fat dairy foods contained in the DASH diet from full-fat foods. This was accompanied by a corresponding addition in fat and a decrease in sugar intake on plasma lipids, blood pressure, and lipoproteins.
- Research question
Does the DASH diet effectively lower blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol?
How the article answers the PICOT question
The article analysis the effects of the DASH diet, that is, the substitution of full-fat for low-fat dairy foods in the DASH diet with a reduction of sugar intake on the blood pressure, lipoproteins and plasma lipids.
How the intervention and comparison group in the article compares with those in the PICOT question
The report considers the DASH diet as a primary intervention to lower high blood pressure. The randomized trial takes place for three weeks. Similarly, the PICOT question includes the DASH diet as one of the responses in lowering blood pressure within the first five months.
Quantitative Research Article 2
Akita, S., Sacks, F. M., Svetkey, L. P., Conlin, P. R., & Kimura, G. (2003). Effects of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on the pressure-natriuresis relationship. Hypertension, 42(1), 8-13. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12756219
- Research problem
Blood pressure has become one of the leading causes of mortality rates across the globe. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension can act aa primary mechanism for lowering blood pressure through consumption of a diet with vegetables, fruits, and low-fat dairy foods.
NRS-433V-RS3: Quantitative Studies
- Significance to nursing
Nurses should consider Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension as one of the primary nonpharmacological approaches to stop high blood pressure. The authors of the article theoretically describe that the blood pressure-lowering action can be analyzed on the pressure curve that is drawn through the use of data from the DASH-sodium trail.
- The purpose of the study
The main objective of the study was to assess the effects of the DASH diet on the pressure-natriuresis relationship to identify its mechanisms of lowering blood pressure.
- Research question
What is the effect of the DASH diet on the pressure-natriuresis relationship in blood pressure lowering mechanism?
How the article answers the PICOT question
The report provides proof on whether the DASH diet lowers blood pressure within the first five months if intervention by testing its effects on pressure-natriuresis.
How the intervention and comparison group in the article compare to identified in the PICOT question
The article describes the effects of the DASH diet on the relationship of pressure-natriuresis to give clarity of its mechanism of lowering blood pressure. Similarly, the intervention in the PICOT question focuses on the blood pressure-lowering effect of the DASH diet.
Methods of the Two Studies
The report by Chiu, et al., 2016 used a randomized controlled trial where health men and women consumed a standard DASH diet, lower-fat and high fat carbohydrate modification of the DASH diet known as the HF-DASH diet for three weeks each separated by two weeks for washouts. The measurement in the laboratory included the concentration of lipoproteins articles which were determined by the mobility of ions. Statistical analysis for treatment differences was conducted through the use of ANOVA (Stata version 11) for a three-treatment cross over design.NRS-433V-RS3: Quantitative Studies
Similarly, the article on the Effects of the DASH diet on the Pressure-Natriuresis Relationship used a controlled trial method where DASH sodium trial and randomized feeding trial were used. However, the research design differed from the one conducted by Chiu et al. 2016 because it used a sample size of 412 who were 22 years and above(Akita, Sacks, Svetkey, Conlin & Kimura, 2003). Also, the participants were not healthy individuals as they had systolic blood pressure (SBP) ranging between 120 to 159 and Diastolic blood pressure ranging between 80-95 without blood pressure-lowering medication. Statistical analysis was conducted by comparing the x-intercept and the steepness of the curve of the pressure-natriuresis between DASH diets and the control diet as well as the subgroups and testing them by the use of Student t-test for the non-paired samples.
Benefits and limitations of the methods used in the two research articles
Both articles used controlled trial methods. One benefits of the technique were that it was easy to produce accurate results which clearly showed the effects of the DASH diet on Blood pressure levels.
One limitation of the controlled trial methods used in the research articles was that it was difficult for the participants to strictly follow the prescribed diets, which made the research process tiresome.
Results of the two research studies and their implications to the nursing practice
Chiu et al. (2016) found that urinary potassium excretion was higher with the HF-DASH and DASH diets compared to control diets. The results of the DAH and H-F DASH DIETS did not differ where the mean for the DASH diet was 83.5, HF-DASH was 81.5, and that of the control diet was 50.5. The HF DASH and the DASH diets significantly lowered blood pressure as compared to the control diet. The implication of the study is that Nurses should emphasize the application of the DASH diet as a significant treatment of high blood pressure and create awareness among patients and members of the community. This would help effectively implement the use of the DASH diet as a nonpharmacological treatment of blood pressure.
NRS-433V-RS3: Quantitative Studies
Evaluation of the data obtained from the DASH-Sodium Trial through the use of pressure-natriuresis curve, the DASH increased the slope of the relationship (Akita, Sacks, Svetkey, Conlin & Kimura, 2003). This indicates that the DASH diet effectively lowered blood pressure groups though a diuretic action with high sensitivity of sodium. The implication of the study is that the DASH diet should be used as a primary nonpharmacological treatment of blood pressure. It also helps nurses understand the mechanism of the DASH diet in lowering BP, which makes it possible for them to speculate on patients and those situations it can be beneficial.
Outcomes comparison
The outcomes of the PICOT question included the lowering of blood pressure within the first five months of DASH diet intervention. The findings of the two articles showed a reduction of the blood pressure within less than five months as expected in the PICOT question.
References
Akita, S., Sacks, F. M., Svetkey, L. P., Conlin, P. R., & Kimura, G. (2003). Effects of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on the pressure-natriuresis relationship. Hypertension, 42(1), 8-13. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12756219
Chiu, S., Bergeron, N., Williams, P. T., Bray, G. A., Sutherland, B., & Krauss, R. M. (2015). Comparison of the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet and a higher-fat DASH diet on blood pressure and lipids and lipoproteins: A randomized controlled trial–3. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 103(2), 341-347. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26718414
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