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Pertinent positive and negative information

When assessing the 15-year-old female complaining of thirst and increased frequency of urination, the following particulars become apparent. The positive findings are polydipsia, polyuria, recent weight loss, and abdominal pain accompanied by nausea. These symptoms are characteristic of diabetes mellitus. Negative findings include no feelings of pain, no hematuria, no presence of fever or chills, and no GI symptoms such as vomiting or diarrhea. These negatives assist in narrowing the differential diagnosis to conditions that do not manifest with the mentioned symptoms.

Other questions to ask the patient

To understand her condition even more, further questions are required. One could prefer to ask whether there have been any changes in her diet or fluid intake because both could affect her symptoms. Additional information about the illness that she had a few weeks ago would also help explain possible residual effects or sequelae. Furthermore, questioning her about any recent changes regarding her family’s health, particularly diabetes, may shed light on genetic predispositions.

Addressing the findings

Managing these findings entails focusing on diabetes mellitus as a possible diagnosis on account of such manifestations. Blood glucose and HbA1c are essential in diagnosing or ruling out diabetes mellitus (Eyth & Naik, 2023). Urinalysis should also be conducted to check for glucose or ketone in the urine to support the diagnosis. She should be advised to take plenty of fluids and possibly change her diet pending the test results to alleviate her symptoms.

Plan for the priority diagnosis

Concerning clinical practice regarding potential diabetes mellitus, fasting plasma glucose or HbA1c tests are conducted to confirm the diagnosis. The primary interventions for the patient and her family are education on diabetes type, diet, physical activity, blood glucose monitoring, and signs of hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia (Goyal et al., 2023). Subsequent visits should also include assessing glucose levels and adjusting the therapy if needed.

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