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Ethical Principles in “Awakenings”

The film “Awakenings” (Marshall, 1990) provides a vivid depiction of ethical dilemmas faced in medical practice, particularly through the character of Dr. Sayer. The principles of beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, and autonomy are central to the ethical considerations in the movie.

Beneficence, the act of doing good, is evident in Dr. Sayerâ€™s efforts to improve the quality of life for his patients by administering L-Dopa. His actions demonstrate a commitment to enhancing patient well-being. However, the principle of non-maleficence, or “do no harm,” is challenged as the long-term effects and potential side effects of the treatment become apparent, posing risks to the patientâ€™s health (Morrison & Furlong, 2019).

Justice, which involves fairness in medical treatment, is questioned when deciding which patients receive the experimental drug, highlighting issues of resource allocation and equitable care. Autonomy is also a significant theme; Dr. Sayer must consider the patientsâ€™ right to make informed decisions about their treatment despite their incapacitated states. This raises questions about informed consent, especially as the patients cannot fully express their wishes (Morrison & Furlong, 2019).

Spiritual Care in “Awakenings”

Reflecting on Chapter 10 of Health Care Ethics: Critical Issues for the 21st Century by Morrison and Furlong (2019), spiritual care is an essential component of holistic health care, addressing the psychological and emotional needs of patients and their families. In “Awakenings,” spiritual care is provided through the compassionate and personalized attention that Dr. Sayer and the healthcare team offer to Leonard and other patients. Leonard’s relationship with his mother is central to his emotional well-being, and the staffâ€™s support fosters a nurturing environment that acknowledges the spiritual dimensions of healing.

The organization encourages a sense of community among patients and families, recognizing the importance of spiritual and emotional support in recovery. Dr. Sayerâ€™s empathy and dedication exemplify how healthcare providers can integrate spiritual care into medical treatment, recognizing the profound impact of human connection and compassion (Morrison & Furlong, 2019).

Research Misconduct in “Awakenings”

The film depicts several instances of research misconduct, particularly regarding informed consent and the experimental use of L-Dopa. Dr. Sayer administers the drug without fully understanding its long-term effects, raising ethical concerns about the lack of comprehensive consent from patients or their families. This highlights the importance of conducting research with transparency, thoroughness, and adherence to ethical standards to protect participantsâ€™ rights and well-being (Morrison & Furlong, 2019).

Pfizer’s Clinical Trial of Trovan in Kano, Nigeria

The case of Pfizerâ€™s clinical trial of Trovan in Kano, Nigeria, exemplifies significant ethical and legal challenges in medical research. During a meningitis outbreak in 1996, Pfizer tested an experimental antibiotic, Trovan, on children without obtaining proper informed consent from their parents, violating ethical guidelines and international law (Bojang, 2017). The trial resulted in several deaths and severe side effects, raising questions about the exploitation of vulnerable populations and the necessity of ethical oversight in clinical trials.

Legal implications include lawsuits filed against Pfizer by the Nigerian government and affected families, resulting in settlements and increased scrutiny of international clinical trials (Stephens, 2009). This case Stresses the need for advanced practice nurses (APNs) to advocate for ethical research practices, ensuring informed consent, cultural sensitivity, and the prioritization of patient welfare.

To avoid involvement in research misconduct, APNs should adhere to established ethical guidelines, participate in ongoing education about research ethics, and advocate for transparency and accountability in clinical trials. By prioritizing patient safety and rights, APNs can contribute to ethical research practices that uphold the integrity of the medical profession.

References

Bojang, K. A. (2017). Ethics and clinical trials in developing countries: A case study of the Pfizer meningitis trial in Nigeria. Ethics & Medicine: An International Journal of Bioethics, 33(3), 163-168.

Marshall, P. (Director). (1990). Awakenings [Film]. Columbia Pictures.

Morrison, E. E., & Furlong, B. (2019). Health care ethics: Critical issues for the 21st century (4th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Stephens, J. (2009, July 31). Nigeria reaches settlement in 1996 Pfizer drug-trial lawsuit. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com

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